Open architecture controller to operate a CNC machine: Utilizing GRBL-Arduino-based controller to operate a computerized numerical control machine

The proprietary control of CNC machines results in the inability to control and enhance inputs because the program codes cannot be modified owing to their distribution by vendors in the compiled form. In this book, we present a method to utilize a GRBL-Arduino based controller to run a simple two-axis computerized numerical control (CNC) machine. G-code file is generated by the CAD/CAM software application UG NX for any desired profile. The G-code file generated is given as input to the GRBL-Arduino based controller using the Java-based Windows application Universal GcodeSender (UGS). UGS is linked to the Arduino Uno and GRBL shield V5 hardware via a serial communication port. G-code program is executed through UGS to run two 2.6 kg-cm stepper motors for motion along x and y-axis direction via drivers incorporated on the GRBL-Arduino controller. These stepper motors are a part of a simple two-axis CNC machine comprising aluminum angle brackets, chromed chords, linear motion bearings, a timing belt, and a timing pulley. Stepper motors cause motion of the mentioned mechanical components to draw desired profile.