PHARAMACOLOGY – II: Practical Book

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the PHARMACOLOGY-II Practical syllabus, focusing on various in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. Each chapter delves into the methodology, principles, and analysis of pharmacological tests using animal models. The book covers key experiments that demonstrate the effects of drugs on physiological systems, including:In-vitro pharmacology and physiological salt solutions.Drug effects on isolated frog heart and blood pressure in dogs.Bioassays of histamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and acetylcholine using animal tissues.Dose-response curves (DRC) and modifications with agonists and antagonists.Diuretic activity of drugs in rats and mice.The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of drugs using standardized models.Each chapter includes detailed explanations of experimental procedures, results analysis, and the significance of the findings in pharmacology. The book is designed as a practical manual for students, providing step-by-step guidance on conducting these important pharmacological experiments.