POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN DISORDER: A Review

Polycystic Ovarian Disorder (PCOD) is a complex endocrine disorder marked by anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hormonal imbalance, and polycystic ovaries. PCOD affects 5–15% of women who are of reproductive age and is linked to metabolic disorders like obesity, insulin resistance, and an elevated risk of cardiovascular illnesses. Oral contraceptives, insulin sensitisers like metformin, ovulation-inducing agents like clomiphene citrate and letrozole, and anti-androgenic medications are the mainstays of current allopathic management. Emerging nanoformulations of natural and synthetic medicines (such as curcumin, metformin, myo-inositol, selenium, and zinc oxide) represent a viable avenue for customised PCOD treatment.