The Paris Agreement on Climate Change: Analysis and Commentary

The Paris Agreement fundamentally alters the reach and scope of the international climate change regime. This book provides the first legal commentary to the Agreement's articles, putting them in context and detailing how they are to be understood and put into action.

Daniel Klein, Legal Officer, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat,Maria Pia Carazo, Professor, University for Peace, Costa Rica,Meinhard Doelle, Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Research, Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University, Canada,Jane Bulmer, Legal Officer, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat,Andrew Higham, Chief Executive, Mission 2020

Daniel Klein is an international environmental law expert, currently working as Legal Officer at the United Nations Climate Change Secretariat (UNFCCC). He worked for seven years in the central unit of the UNFCCC's Executive Direction and Management Programme responsible for coordinating the substantive support to the international negotiations, first, under the Bali Road Map process (2009-2012), and second, on the Paris Agreement (2013-2015).

Maria Pia Carazo is a member of the faculty of the Department of International Law at the UN-mandated University for Peace. Her current research focuses on harmonization of international legal regimes, human rights and climate change. Among others, she worked as a researcher at Max-Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg, Germany.

Meinhard Doelle is a professor at the Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, where he teaches climate change, energy and environmental law, and serves as Associate Dean, Research. His current research focusses on the UN climate regime, energy governance, and environmental impact assessments.


Jane Bulmer is an expert in international environmental law. She has worked as a lawyer for the United Nations Climate Change Secretariat since 2009, where she was a key member of the secretariat team that supported negotiations for the Paris Agreement. In particular, she worked on issues relating to the global stocktake and provided legal and procedural advice.


Andrew Higham is Chief Executive of Mission 2020, an initiative aimed at driving down global emissions at the pace required for full decarbonization by 2050. He was in charge of driving the strategy for reaching a universal, legally binding agreement within the United Nations Climate Change Secretariat from 2011-2016: managing the formation of the Durban Mandate and later on the team that supported the drafting of the Paris Agreement.