Perineural Invasion- The Silent Pathway Of Cancer Spread

This book provides an in-depth exploration of one of the most clinically significant yet underappreciated routes of cancer spread.Perineural invasion (PNI) is increasingly recognized as an independent predictor of poor prognosis across multiple malignancies, particularly head and neck cancers, yet its biology remains incompletely understood.The book begins with a clear definition and historical perspective of PNI, tracing its evolution from a purely morphological observation to a complex, biologically driven process. It details the experimental models in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo that have shaped our mechanistic understanding, including DRG co- culture assays, 3D matrix systems, nerve explant models, and sciatic nerve inoculation models, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and translational applications.