Over the last few years, many smartphones have been equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology, allowing people to use their own devices for positioning and location services. After the release of the Android Nougat (version 7) operating system, raw GNSS measurements (i.e., pseudorange, carrier-phase, Doppler shift, and carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) observations) from smartphones and tablets became accessible, which opened the door to precise positioning capabilities in consumer devices. Many studies have since been conducted, as precise location information will lead to many new smartphone applications in the near future. While the progress has been encouraging, a number of limiting factors must be overcome in order to support real-world applications, including poor antenna quality, the difficulty of carrier phase ambiguity resolution, and low availability and integrity in operational environments. The contributions from academia and industry included in this reprint discuss innovative ideas and algorithms and present experimental results for precise positioning with Android smartphones.

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We first started out as ?The Paperback Exchange,? a chain of physical bookstores where we would part exchange your beloved books for new stories to transport you to faraway places. However, as shopping started to evolve to online shops and marketplaces, we bid our stores goodbye to become ?PBShop.? This transition has only allowed us to blossom as we now ship thousands of titles to book lovers across the globe. We pride ourselves in being a community of local book lovers which allows our passion and devotion to shine in everything we do. In 2020 we not only celebrated our 20th birthday but our 1st birthday as being completely employee owned after becoming an E.O.T in September 2019. We are proud to be different and embrace standing apart on a book mountain by working from a virtual inventory which allows us to provide thousands of books that may be difficult to get for your bookshelf or your studies. Working with a number of different suppliers allows us to explore other avenues such as puzzles, sheet music and even stationery so we really do have something for everyone. Life is about being versatile in all realms of existence. If this is your first visit or you are a returning customer, we would like to welcome you to the PBShop family, for there is no friend as loyal as a book. We are a company who put our customers at the centre of everything we do as we understand the importance of reading because once you learn to read, you will forever be free. There are a whole lot of things in this world of ours that we are yet to explore, which is why we will forever inspire curious minds.

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