Predictive Models in Osteoporosis Screening: A Comprehensive Review: In-vivo and in-vitro models

Osteoporosis is a silent disease until it is complicated by fractures. Osteoporosis ("porous bones", from Greek: ostoun meaning "bone" and poros meaning "pore") is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk. Many traditional plants or phytoconstituents are used in bone fractures as potential therapy for reducing fracture healing period. However, these phytoconstituents or herbs require scientific study to validate their use for the treatment of osteoporosis. And various in-vitro and in-vivo models are available for screening of these herbs or phytoconstituents which crucial for validate their use.