Proactive and reactive hierarchical routing protocols. A Survey

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Computer Science - Applied, grade: 3.0, , language: English, abstract: The application of wireless sensor networks a increasing day by day. As the demand for this network increase so is the need to evaluate the characteristics of the existing networks so as to maximize the performance of these networks. Once implemented, the network is in- accessible to the user hence the design of the network should be in an energy efficient manner. Wireless sensor networks are formed by a number of sensor nodes which are battery powered with limited energy available per node. Wireless sensors are not only used for monitoring but also for gathering data from the network. Extracting data should be performed with minimized energy as sensor networks are battery powered and wastage of which will result in the inefficient functioning of the network. The Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is the most popular protocol in this category which is based on adaptive clustering technique. This paper presents a study on the various cluster-based routing protocols and their performance in simple wireless network in terms of routing and energy issues related to it. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), Routing Protocols, energy efficiency, cluster head.