Synopsis
Excerpt from Pruning Fruit Trees: Before and After Severe Pruning to Rejuvenate a Neglected Tree
Scientists know comparatively little about the real effects of pruning upon the life processes of a tree. Those who have made studies of a few of the problems attendant upon pruning do not entirely agree in their recommendations. Although professional horticulturists, aided by nearly all the sciences related to horticulture such as chemistry, botany, physics, and plant physiology, are gradually uncovering new truths, their progress is necessarily slow. In the meantime trees must be pruned. The purpose of this bulletin is to furnish to the grower simple and practical directions for pruning based upon the most recent information available. Time may prove some of these recommendations to be wrong, but they seem to be the best that may be given in the light of present-day knowledge.
Vegetative and Fruitage Periods. There are two distinct periods in the life history of a tree. The first is the vegetative period in which the tree devotes all its energy to wood growth, and the second is the period of fruitage during which a large proportion of its energy is directed to fruit production. The pruning during the vegetative stage is almost purely mechanical in its effect, - the building of a tree having a framework that will combine, to best advantage, great strength and bearing capacity with a form well adapted to all orchard operations. This mechanical phase of pruning, sometimes termed "training," should be confined to the first three, four, or five years of the tree's life. Subsequent pruning is for the purpose of, first, increasing the fruit production; second, maintaining a suitable tree environment such that the fruits may attain maximum development in color, size, and quality; and third, preventing a congestion of small branches which would render the operations of spraying, thinning, or harvesting unduly difficult. Detailed and specific directions for prun…
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