Quantum Interference and Coherence: Theory and Experiments

The ?eld that encompasses the term “quantum interference” combines a number of separate concepts, and has a variety of manifestations in d- ferent areas of physics. In the sense considered here, quantum interference is concerned with coherence and correlation phenomena in radiation ?elds and between their sources. It is intimately connected with the phenomenon of non-separability (or entanglement) in quantum mechanics. On account of this, it is obvious that quantum interference may be regarded as a com- nent of quantum information theory, which investigates the ability of the electromagnetic ?eld to transfer information between correlated (entangled) systems. Since it is important to transfer information with the minimum of corruption, the theory of quantum interference is naturally related to the theory of quantum ?uctuations and decoherence. Since the early days of quantum mechanics, interference has been - scribed as the real quantum mystery. Feynman, in his famous introduction to the lectures on the single particle superposition principle, referred in the following way to the phenomenon of interference: “it has in it the heart of quantum mechanics”, and it is really ‘the only mystery’ of quantum mech- ics. With the development of experimental techniques, it has been possible to carry out many of the early Gedanken experiments that played an important role in developing our understanding of the fundamentals of quantum int- ference and entanglement. Despite its long history, quantum interference still challenges our understanding, and continues to excite our imagination.

For the first time, this book assembles in a single volume accounts

of many phenomena involving quantum interference in optical fields

and atomic systems. It provides detailed theoretical treatments and

experimental analyses of such phenomena as quantum erasure, quantum

lithography, multi-atom entanglement, quantum beats, control of

decoherence, phase control of quantum interference, coherent

population trapping, electromagnetically induced transparency and

absorption, lasing without inversion, subluminal and superluminal

light propagation, storage of photons, quantum interference in phase

space, interference and diffraction of cold atoms, and interference

between Bose-Einstein condensates. This book fills a gap in the

literature and will be useful to both experimentalists and theoreticians.