Research on English Language Teaching and Learning in the Middle East and North Africa

The tenth volume in the TIRF-Routledge series, this book features research on the teaching and learning of English in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). With chapters written by TIRF Doctoral Dissertation Grant awardees and internationally known scholars, the volume addresses contemporary challenges and considerations to teaching English in the MENA context. With empirical research covering a wide range of under-studied contexts, this book provides important insights and future directions to improve research and instruction. Offering up-to-date research at the primary, secondary, and post-secondary levels, this volume is an essential resource for language education programs and pre-service teachers.

Chapter 7 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Kathleen M. Bailey a Professor Emerita at the Middlbury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, USA and a TIRF Trustee.

David Nunan is Professor Emeritus of Applied Linguistics at the University of Hong Kong, President Emeritus and Distinguished Research Professor at Anaheim University in California, and a TIRF Trustee.