The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is the research, development and evaluation
agency of the US Department of Justice. The NIJ is dedicated to improving
knowledge and understanding of crime and justice issues through science. NIJ
provides objective and independent knowledge and tools to reduce crime and
promote justice, particularly at the state and local levels.
Each year, the NIJ publishes and sponsors dozens of research and study documents
detailing results, analyses and statistics that help to further the organization's
mission. These documents relate to topics like biometrics, corrections technology,
gun violence, digital forensics, human trafficking, electronic crime, terrorism, tribal
justice and more. This document is one of these publications.
Janet I. Warren, DSW, is Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences in the University of Virginia School of Medicine and Director of the RestoringYouth© program at the Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public Policy at the University of Virginia. She is the University of Virginia liaison to the Behavioral Sciences Unit of the FBI and a member of the FBI National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime Research Advisory Board. She is an associate of Park Dietz and Associates (PD&A) and a practicing psychoanalyst in Charlottesville, Virginia.
Shelly L. Jackson, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public Policy, University of Virginia. Dr. Jackson was a post-doctoral fellow in the Psychology and Law program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Subsequently, Dr. Jackson was awarded the Society for Research in Child Development Executive Branch Policy Fellowship and membership in the American Association for the Advancement of Science. For three years she was a Social Science Analyst with the National Institute of Justice, US Department of Justice, in the Violence and Victimization division.