The complexities of oral environment present obstacles to the endodontic procedures starting from diagnosis till the final treatment is done. In order to minimize the trauma to these surroundings structures and to provide comfort to the patient the clinician needs to control the field. While performing any operative procedures, many structures require proper control so as to prevent them from interfering the operative field. These structures together constitute the oral environment many ways to isolate an area of the mouth or a tooth so that restorative services can be performed without interference from soft tissues, tongue, saliva or other fluids. Various tongue and cheek retruding devices and suction methods are used. By far the most complete method of obtaining field isolation is rubber dam.

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