The Russian Military Today and Tomorrow: Essays in Memory of Mary Fitzgerals

The essays in this volume represent both a memorial and an analytical call to action. These authors and their essays together in memory of our colleague, Mary Fitzgerald of the Hudson Institute, who passed away far too soon, on April 5, 2009. Mary was one of the most brilliant and vivacious practitioners of the study of the Russian and Chinese militaries, whose insights helped not just to put those fields of study on the map, but also to influence U.S. military thinking. Keywords: Vladimir Putin; arms control; nuclear weapons; Cold War; World War Ii; Operation Desert Storm; Russia's strategic relationship with Europe and China; Moscow; Russia; U.S.S.R.; Ussr; Soviet Union; Nato; North Atlantic Treaty Organization; Eurasian energy; Ukraine; Georgia; Russian and Chinese strategically defense and military developments; peacekeeping activities; Russia and U.S. national security; global security; national security; economic crisis; Iran; North Korea; United States (U.S./Us)

ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
STEPHEN J. BLANK has served as the Strategic Studies Institute’s expert on the Soviet bloc and the post-Soviet world since 1989. Prior to that he was Associate Professor of Soviet Studies at the Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL; and taught at the University of Texas, San Antonio; and at the University of Cali­fornia, Riverside. Dr. Blank is the editor of Imperial Decline: Russia’s Changing Position in Asia, coeditor of Soviet Military and the Future, and author of The Sor­cerer as Apprentice: Stalin’s Commissariat of Nationalities, 1917-1924. He has also written many articles and conference papers on Russia, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and Eastern European security issues. Dr. Blank’s current research deals with proliferation and the revolution in military affairs, and energy and security in Eurasia. His two most recent books are Russo-Chinese Energy Relations: Politics in Command, London, UK: Global Markets Briefing, 2006; and Natural Allies?: Regional Security in Asia and Prospects for Indo-American Strategic Cooperation, Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2005. Dr. Blank holds a B.A. in history from the University of Pennsylvania, and an M.A. and Ph.D. in history from the University of Chicago.
DANIEL GOURE is a Vice President with the Lexington Institute, a nonprofit public-policy research organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. Dr. Goure has held senior positions in both the private sector and the U.S. Government. Prior to joining the Lexington Institute, he was the Deputy Director, International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Dr. Goure spent 2 years in the U.S. Government as the director of the Office of Strategic Competitiveness in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He also served as a senior analyst on national security and defense issues with the Center for Naval Analyses, Science Applications International Corporation, SRS Technologies, R&D Associates and System Planning Corporation. Dr. Goure holds a B.A. in government and history from Pomona College, and a master’s and a Ph.D. in international relations and Russian studies from Johns Hopkins University.
DALE R. HERSPRING, a retired U.S. diplomat and Navy Captain, is a University Distinguished Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is the author of 12 books and more than 80 articles dealing with civil-military relations in the United States, Russia/The Soviet Union, Germany, and Eastern Europe. He is currently working on a new book to be entitled, “Military Culture and Civil-Military Relations; a Four Country Study.” Using military culture as the basis of comparison, the book will look at civil-military relations in the United States, Russia, Germany, and Canada. Dr. Herspring holds an A.B. from Stanford University, a M.A. from Georgetown University, and a Ph.D. from the University of Southern California.
JACOB W. KIPP taught at Kansas State University from 1971 to 1985. In 1986, he joined the Soviet Army Studies Office (SASO) at Ft. Leavenworth, KS. In 1991, SASO became the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO). From 2003 to 2006, Dr. Kipp served as Director of FMSO. In 2006 he took the position of Deputy Director of the School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS). He retired from federal service in 2009. Dr. Kipp has written extensively on Russian and Soviet military and naval history, aviation, strategy, opera­tional art, and military doctrine. He served as deputy editor of Military Affairs, as assistant editor of the Journal of Slavic Military Studies, as founding co-editor of European Security, and as a member of the editorial board of the Modern War Studies Series of the University Press of Kansas. He is a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. At present, he is an adjunct professor of History, and Russian and Eurasian Studies at the University of Kansas and a contributor to the Jamestown Foundation’s Eurasian Daily Monitor. Dr. Kipp worked closely with Mary Fitzgerald on several projects relating to Soviet and Russian military affairs. Dr. Kipp holds a Ph.D. from the Pennsylvania State University.
JOSHUA B. SPERO is Associate Professor of Political Science, International Studies Program Coordina­tor, and Regional Economic Development Institute Di­rector at Fitchburg State College in Massachusetts. He previously was U.S. Deputy Assistant for Europe and the USSR, Office of Secretary of Defense, Foreign Mili­tary Studies Office Liaison Officer (Ft. Leavenworth, KS), and Senior Civilian Strategic Planner (NATO Division) in the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Directorate for Stra­tegic Plans and Policy. His research and publications focus on crisis management decisionmaking and on middle power politics and international security dilemmas. He is author of Bridging the European Divide: Middle Power Politics and Regional Security Dilemmas (Rowman and Littlefield, 2004). Dr. Spero holds a B.A. from Brandeis University, an M.A. from the University of Michigan, and a Ph.D. from the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies.
TIMOTHY L. THOMAS is a senior analyst at the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leav­enworth, Kansas. Mr. Thomas conducts extensive research and publishing in the areas of peacekeeping, information war, psychological operations, low inten­sity conflict, and political-military affairs. Mr. Thomas was a U.S. Army Foreign Area Officer who specialized in Soviet/Russian studies. His military assignments included serving as the Director of Soviet Studies at the United States Army Russian Institute (USARI) in Garmisch, Germany; as an inspector of Soviet tactical operations under the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE); and as a Brigade S-2 and company commander in the 82nd Airborne Division. He has written three books on information warfare topics, focusing on recent developments in China and Russia. Mr. Thomas is an adjunct professor at the U.S. Army’s Eurasian Institute; an adjunct lecturer at the U.S. Air Force Special Operations School; and a member of two Russian organizations, the Academy of In­ternational Information, and the Academy of Natural Sciences. Mr. Thomas holds a BS in engineering sci­ence from the United States Military Academy, and an M.A. in international relations from the University of Southern California.
MIKHAIL TSYPKIN is an associate professor in the Department of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School. He served as the Salvatori Fellow in Soviet Studies at the Heritage Foundation in Washington DC. He is a member of the Scientific Board of the online journal, The Journal Of Power Institutions In Post-Soviet Societies. Dr. Tsypkin has published numerous articles on Soviet and Russian military affairs. Among his recent publications are “Russian Politics and American Missile Defense,” International Affairs (London), Vol. 85, No. 4, 2009; and “Reforming Intelli­gence: Russia’s Failure,” Journal of Democracy, Vol. 17, No. 3, July 2006. Dr. Tsypkin holds a Ph.D. in political science from Harvard University.
RICHARD WEITZ is Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for Political-Military Analysis at the Hudson Institute. His current research includes regional security developments relating to Europe, Eurasia, and East Asia as well as U.S. foreign, defense, homeland security, and weapons of mass destruction (WMD) nonproliferation policies. Dr. Weitz has published or edited several books and monographs, including Global Security Watch-Russia (Praeger Security Interna­tional, 2009); a volume of National Security Case Studies (Project on National Security Reform, 2008); China-Russia Security Relations (Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008); Kazakhstan and the New International Politics of Eurasia (Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, 2008); Mismanaging Mayhem: How Washington Responds to Crisis (Praeger Security International, 2008); The Reserve Policies of Nations: A Comparative Analysis (Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2007); and Revitalising US–Russian Security Cooperation: Practical Measures (The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2005). Dr. Weitz holds a B.A. in government from Harvard College, an M.Sc. in international relations from the London School of Economics, an M.Phil. in politics from Oxford University, and a Ph.D. in political science from Harvard University.