A Sapper Officer's War 1915-1917: The Memoirs of Ralph A. Bagnold, Founder of the Long Range Desert Group in WW2

Front-line impressions expose a sapper officer’s wartime experiences in France and Ypres, detailing trench life, gas, tunnellers, and the Somme’s grinding reality.

While Ralph Bagnold is well known as being the founder of the Long Range Desert Group in 1940 and author of The Physics of Blown Sands and Desert Dunes in 1941, there is little published material relating to his earlier life. These memoirs were written in 1919 but never published.

After the outbreak of war in 1914 Bagnold enlisted in the Royal Engineers, trained at Woolwich and Chatham, and set foot as a young subaltern in France in July 1915. Bagnold’s unit – the 83rd Field Company attached to the 20th Division – was based at Laventie in France from October 1915 to January 1916 and it is there that he begins to recount his front-line experiences. Being an engineer, he was typically billeted several miles behind the line, moving up each night to work in the trenches and in no man’s land. In February 1916 Bagnold and his men moved to Ypres but in July 1916 they marched southwards to the Somme.

The four chapters detailing his experiences on the Somme are the lynchpin of the memoir. Initially struck by the vastness of the enterprise and hopeful of success, Bagnold’s perspective begins to change and, as the enormous offensive drags on, he begins to comprehend the impossibility of a decisive victory.

Many of Bagnold’s observations are vivid and evocative, often connecting with broader themes. What did the first tanks look like and how effective were they? What does it feel like to don a gas helmet or to suffer partial inhalation of poisonous gas? What do front line soldiers think of the Staff? What sort of lives did the tunnellers lead? The narrative brings us closer to such things.

A Sapper Officer’s War ends amid the bitter fighting near Passchendaele. Arguably the abruptness of this ending resonates with the single and final experience of many.

The son of a Colonel in the Royal Engineers, RALPH ALGER BAGNOLD was born at Devonport on 3 April 1896. Educated at Malvern College, he entered The Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1915. In 1932, he staged the first recorded East-to-West crossing of the Libyan Desert. Leaving the Army in 1935 to concentrate on exploration, Bagnold immediately volunteered for further service upon the outbreak of the Second World War. He became well known as the founder of the Long Range Desert Group in 1940. After the war Bagnold, who had reached the rank of Brigadier, continued to work in the field of the geological science, and he published academic papers into his nineties. He died at Hither Green on 28 May 1990 at the age of 94.