Sintering Behavior of the UO2-Gd2O3 Nuclear Fuel

The UO2-Gd2O3 nuclear fuel finds application in modern PWR reactors for extending the burning cycle, and thus extending the interval for refueling the reactor core. Unfortunately, the UO2-Gd2O3 fuel shows an abnormal sintering behavior when compared to the sintering behavior of the standard UO2 fuel widely used in PWR and BWR reactors around the world. Above 1200 ºC, the sintering rate decreases and the densification is shifted to higher temperatures. As a consequence, the final sintered density is significantly lower than the traditional density achieved in sintering pure UO2 fuel. This book presents a brief review on the sintering behavior of the UO2-Gd2O3 nuclear fuel and the difficulties reported regarding the manufacturing of this mixed fuel, which are related to the insufficient densification during the sintering step. The most recent investigations are presented to explain this abnormal sintering behavior. Based on the knowledge of the sintering mechanism for this mixed fuel, alternatives are proposed to overcome the sintering difficulty.

Michelangelo Durazzo, PhD: Studied Nuclear Technology at São Paulo University. R&D Manager at Nuclear Fuel Center of Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN-CNEN/SP. Professor at São Paulo University. Specialist in nuclear fuel technology. Engaged in techniques for nuclear fuel manufacture and techniques for materials characterization.