This study traces the roots of matriarchy and patriarchy among the primitive Semites and shows how family ties influenced ownership, inheritance, and social rules.

With careful analysis of kinship, adoption, marriage types, and legal forms, the book reveals how early communities ordered rights and duties. It connects biblical voices, Babylonian texts, and Arabian practice to explain the evolution of property and power in Israel, Babylonia, and Arabia. Readers will gain a clearer picture of how ancestors understood family, land, and obligation.

How matriarchy and patriarchy affected kinship and property distribution
Examples of marriage forms, adoption, and inheritance across cultures
Legal mechanisms for debts, pledges, and land ownership in ancient societies
Connections between religious texts and everyday life in early Israel, Babylonia, and Arabia

Ideal for readers of ancient law and social history who want a grounded, accessible look at early social legislation.

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