Spies and Other Pigeons

Contested flights: how Pakistani pigeons unsettle borders and values of hospitality

Across Pakistan’s rooftops, pigeon flyers devote enormous care and labor to birds that soar the skies, take part in competitions, and knit together communities otherwise divided by caste, class, language, and ethnicity. Spies and Other Pigeons follows these flyers across four provinces, revealing a world of shauq (passionate pursuits) where training, feeding, and flying become affective acts to welcome a more-than-human other into the home.

When cherished birds cross the militarized India-Pakistan border, they are recast as intruders and “spies,” exposing the thin line between welcome and suspicion, hospitality and hostility. Through long-term ethnography, Muhammed Kavesh traces the layered meanings of arrival, both at the home and the homeland, showing how pigeons illuminate political tensions while sustaining bonds of play, care, and enthusiasm. Interweaving anthropology, South Asian studies, and multispecies studies with the Punjabi folktale of Heer Ranjha, Kavesh offers a conceptually rich account of human-pigeon relatedness. Moving from village lofts and urban rooftops to racing clubs and borderlands, the book demonstrates how animals mediate danger, belonging, and reciprocity across contested lines.

Original and exciting, Spies and Other Pigeons reframes multispecies anthropology through a South Asian lens, revealing how the care and labor of pigeon keeping anchor local worlds and unsettle national borders.

Muhammad A. Kavesh is associate professor of anthropology at Australian National University and author of Animal Enthusiasms: Life Beyond Cage and Leash in Rural Pakistan.