The State of Access: Success and Failure of Democracies to Create Equal Opportunities (Brookings / Ash Center Series, "Innovative Governance in the 21st Century")

This book documents a worrisome gap between principles and practice in democratic governance. The State of Access is a comparative, cross-disciplinary exploration of the ways in which democratic institutions fail or succeed to create the equal opportunities that they have promised to deliver to the people they serve. In theory, rules and regulations may formally guarantee access to democratic processes, public services, and justice. But reality routinely disappoints, for a number of reasons—exclusionary policymaking, insufficient attention to minorities, underfunded institutions, inflexible bureaucracies. The State of Access helps close the gap between the potential and performance in democratic governance.

Gowher Rizvi is director of the Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government, where he is also a lecturer in public policy. Jorrit de Jong is a research fellow at the Ash Institute and former director of the Centre for Government Studies at Leiden University.