Statistical Genetics of Quantitative Traits : Linkage, Maps, and QTL

Most traits in nature and of importance to agriculture are quantitatively inherited. These traits are di?cult to study due to the complex nature of their inheritance. However, recent developments of genomic technologies provide a revolutionary means for unraveling the secrets of genetic variation in quantitative traits. Genomic te- nologies allow the molecular characterization of polymorphic markers throughout the entire genome that are then used to identify and map the genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying a quantitative trait based on linkage analysis. Statistical analysis is a crucial tool for analyzing genome data, which are now becoming increasingly available for a variety of species, and for giving precise exp- nations regarding genetic variation in quantitative traits occurring among species, populations, families, and individuals. In 1989, Lander and Botstein published a ha- mark methodological paper for interval mapping that enables geneticists to detect and estimate individual QTL that control the phenotype of a trait. Today, interval mappingisanimportantstatisticaltoolforstudyingthegeneticsofquantitativetraits at the molecular level, and has led to the discovery of thousands of QTLs responsible for a variety of traits in plants, animals, and humans. In a recent study published in Science, Li, Zhou, and Sang (2006, 311, 1936–1939) were able to characterize the molecular basis of the reduction of grain shattering – a fundamental selection process for rice domestication – at the detected QTL by interval mapping.

The book introduces the basic concepts and methods that are useful in the statistical analysis and modeling of DNA-based marker and phenotypic data that arise in agriculture, forrestry, experimental biology, and other fields. It concentrates on the linkage analysis of markers, map construction and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and assumes a background in regression analysis and maximum likelihood approaches. The strengths of this book lie in the construction of general models and algorithms for linkage analysis and QTL mapping in any kind of crossed pedigrees initiated with inbred lines of crops and plant and animal model systems or outbred lines in forest trees and wildlife species.

The book includes a detailed description of each approach and the step-by-step demonstration of live-example analyses designed to explain the utilization and usefulness of statistical methods. The book also includes exercise sets and computer codes for all the analyses used.

This book can serve as a textbook for graduates and senior undergraduates in genetics, agronomy, forest biology, plant breeding and animal sciences. It will also be useful to researchers and other professionals in the areas of statistics, biology and agriculture.

Rongling Wu is Associate Professor of Statistics at the University of Florida, Gainesville. He currently serves as Associate Editor for six genetics and bioinformatics journals. Chang-Xing Ma is Assistant Professor of Biostatistics at the State University of New York at Buffalo. George Casella is Distinguished Professor of Statistics and Distinguished Member of the Genetics Institute at the Univesity of Florida, Gainesville. He is a fellow of the American Statistical Association and the Institute of Mathematical Sciences, and the author of four other statistics books.