Status of Bluetongue disease in India: A Meta-analysis perspective: Status of Bluetongue disease in India

India is an agrarian country and agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy. Bluetongue disease is endemic in the sheep and goat population of India. After a systematic literature search and by following PRISMA and MOOSE protocol, 73 studies fulfilled the objective of the study. Meta-analysis and sub-group meta- analysis for species, serological test, and geographical region were conducted in R software using meta and metafor packages. The overall prevalence estimate was 38% (95% CI:35% - 42%) for a sample size of 38367. Species-wise analysis revealed that prevalence in goats was 45% (95% CI: 44% - 46%), sheep 44% (95% CI: 43% - 45%), cattle 40% (95% CI: 39% - 42%), buffalo 41% (95% CI: 39%- 43%), camel 24% (95% CI: 22% - 26%) and in mithun was 73% (95% CI: 65% - 79%). The prevalence was estimated highest with C-ELISA (48%, 95% CI: 48% - 49%) followed by I-ELISA (43%, 95% CI:42% - 44%), S-ELISA (40%, 95% CI:35% - 45%), ELISA (37%, 95% CI: 28% - 48%), CCIE (29%, 95% CI: 24% - 34%), AGPT (23%, 95% CI: 22% - 25%) and Dot-ELISA (6%, 95% CI: 4% - 7%). Among different geographical zones, the highest prevalence was noticed in North East (50%, 95% CI: 48% - 52%).