Strategies of Remembering in Greece Under Rome (100 BC-100 AD)

At the beginning of the first century BC Athens was an independent city bound to Rome through a friendship alliance. By the end of the first century AD the city had been incorporated into the Roman province of Achaea. Along with Athenian independence perished the notion of Greek self-rule. The rest of Achaea was ruled by the governor of Macedonia already since 146 BC, but the numerous defections of Greek cities during the first century BC show that Roman rule was not yet viewed as inevitable.
In spite of the definitive loss of self-rule this was not a period of decline. Attica and the Peloponnese were special regions because of their legacy as cultural and religious centers of the Mediterranean. Supported by this legacy communities and individuals engaged actively with the increasing presence of Roman rule and its representatives. The archaeological and epigraphic records attest to the continued economic vitality of the region: buildings, statues, and lavish tombs were still being constructed. There is hence need to counterbalance the traditional discourses of weakness on Roman Greece, and to highlight how acts of remembering were employed as resources in this complex political situation.
The legacy of Greece defined Greek and Roman responses to the changing relationship. Both parties looked to the past in shaping their interactions, but how this was done varied widely. Sulla fashioned himself after the tyrant-slayers Harmodius and Aristogeiton, while Athenian ephebes evoked the sea-battles of the Persian Wars to fashion their valor. This interdisciplinary volume traces strategies of remembering in city building, funerary culture, festival and association, honorific practices, Greek literature, and political ideology. The variety of these strategies attests to the vitality of the region. In times of transition the past cannot be ignored: actors use what came before, in diverse and complex ways, in order to build the present.

Table of Contents

Preface: Relaunching the Publications of the Netherlands Institute at Athens Series
W. van de Put

Introduction
T.M. Dijkstra, I.N.I. Kuin, M. Moser, D. Weidgenannt

Part I: Building Remembrance

1. Roman Greece and the ‘Mnemonic Turn’: Some Critical Remarks
D. Grigoropoulos, V. Di Napoli, V. Evangelidis, F. Camia, D. Rogers, S. Vlizos

2. Managing Social Roles after Death: The Strategic Use of Tombs in Roman Patras
T.M. Dijkstra

3. Contending with the Past in Roman Corinth
C. de Grazia Vanderpool, P.D. Scotton

Part II: Competing with the Past

4. Heritage Societies? Private Associations in Roman Greece
(1st century BC to 2nd century AD)
B. Eckhardt

5. Performing the Past: Salamis, Naval Contests and the Athenian Ephebeia
Z. Newby

6. Greek Panhellenic Agones in a Roman Colony: Corinth and the Return of the Isthmian Games
L. del Basso

Part III: Honoring Tradition

7. Heroes of Their Times. Intra-Mural Burials in the Urban Memorial Landscapes of the Roman Peloponnese
J. Fouquet

8. Public Statues as a Strategy of Remembrance in Roman Messene
C. Dickenson

9. ἀρετῆς ἕνεκεν καὶ εὐνοίας: Commemorating Times of Crisis
D. Weidgenannt

Part IV: History in Athens

10. Political Change in Post-Sullan Athens
I.N.I. Kuin

11. Public Honours for Roman Friends: The Past as a Political Resource on the Roman Acropolis
M. Moser

12. The Past in the Present: Athenian Inscriptional Language Regarding the Divine, the Roman Challenge and the Construction of Urban Mnemonics
E. Fassa

Epilogue: A Strabonian Take

13. Remembrances and the Regimes of Historicity in the Geography of Strabo
P. Doukellis

Conclusion: Change and Remembering in Roman Greece
I.N.I. Kuin, M. Moser

Tamara M. Dijkstra (MA) is in the final stages of her PhD-project at the department of Greek Archaeology of the University of Groningen. She studies social structure and identities in Achaea in the Hellenistic and Roman period, by analysing continuity and change in practices of death, burial, and commemoration. In addition to her PhD-project, works as an archaeologist in the Halos Archaeological Project in Thessaly.

Dr. Inger N.I. Kuin received a PhD from New York University. She currently works at Groningen University in the Ancient History Department, studying memory, political change, and crisis recovery in the Roman East during the first century BC for the After the Crisis research project, which is part of the OIKOS Anchoring Innovation research agenda. Dr. Kuin has published on religion and humor in antiquity, on race and ethnicity in Lucian of Samosata, on Latin epigraphy, and on Roman Athens

"Dr. Muriel Moser received a PhD from the University of Cambridge. She is a member of the Department of Ancient History at the Goethe University Frankfurt and director of a research project on Roman Greece (A 02) within the interdisciplinary collaborative research group SFB 1095 Discourses of Weakness and Resource Regimes (funded by the DFG) in Frankfurt.

Dr Moser has published on the use of memory under the Constantinian dynasty, property and power in the Senate of Constantinople and military maritime infrastructure in the Roman East."

David Weidgenannt (MA) works under the supervision of Dr M. Moser on continuity and change in the statuary landscape of Epidauros. In 2015 he participated in the BSA Epigraphy Course and in the German-Greek-PhD Colloquium of the German Archaeological Institute. His Master’s thesis dealt with “Coinage and Identity in Roman Greece”.