Sunscreens: Science, Formulation, Safety, and Future Perspectives

Sunscreens are essential cosmetic products that protect the skin against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation and help prevent sunburn, photoaging, pigmentation disorders, and skin cancer. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the classification, mechanism of action, formulation, manufacturing, evaluation, regulatory aspects, safety concerns, and environmental impact of sunscreen products. Recent advances such as nanotechnology, antioxidant-enriched formulations, herbal ingredients, and personalized photoprotection have also been discussed. Growing emphasis on sustainability has encouraged the development of eco-friendly and reef-safe sunscreens. Overall, continuous scientific and technological innovations are expected to contribute to the development of safer, more effective, and environmentally sustainable sunscreen formulations in the future.