Superannuation Schemes for Teachers Classic Reprint

Excerpt from Superannuation Schemes for Teachers

Before entering upon a discussion of theories respecting the superannuation of teachers who have served in the public schools, it will be well to trace briefly the evolution of the modern complex retirement system from the primitive type of pension plan. In this process of development several distinct stages are discernible, the more important of which are indicated in the following sketch.

Pensions for teachers had their origin in Germany, which country was a century in advance of most other European nations in the adoption of state-controlled schools for the masses. At least as early as 1763, Prussian schoolmasters were enjoying the protection of allowances for old age and disability; and even more definite and far-reaching provisions for such grants were proclaimed in the school-law of 1794. The allowance, at first, was a direct payment out of current public revenue; indeed, this straight pension plan is still followed throughout the greater part of modern Germany. In course of time, however, four states, beginning with Bavaria, adopted the contributory or assessment plan, in which the teachers were to bear a part of the cost of the project.

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