Surface Modification: Foundation for better Osseointegration: Bio-compatibility of different bio-materials for surface modification of dental implant

Dental implant surface technologies have been evolving rapidly to enhance a more rapid bone formation on their surface and hold a potential to increase the predictability of expedited implant therapy. While implant outcomes have become highly predictable, there are sites and conditions that result in elevated implant loss. This review presents the impact of macro-retentive features which includes approaches to surface oxide modification, thread design, press-fit and sintered-bead technologies to increase predictability of outcomes and the biocompatibility of various materials used for surface modification.