Synopsis
A System Of General Average: Adopted By The International Congress, Held At York, In England, September, 1864, Designed To Establish A Uniformity In The Mode Of Adjusting General Averages In The Different Countries Of The World. William Marvin. This volume presents the proceedings and analysis of the York Congress on the doctrine of general average in maritime law, distinguishing general (common) from particular averages, and outlining the historical drive to unify practice across nations. It includes Marvin's report and discussion of the differences among English, French, Belgian, Dutch, German, and Scandinavian codes, and reproduces the proposed York bill framed to codify core points of disagreement. The text explains key concepts such as jettison, damage by jettison and breakage, port of refuge expenses, voluntary stranding, and the treatment of wages and maintenance of crew, pilotage, and other incidentals as general or particular averages. It also provides an extensive appendix with extracts from the French Code de Commerce, the Dutch Commercial Code, and other continental regulations, illustrating how national laws have varied in practice and how uniform rules might be achieved. The volume discusses theories of natural equity versus expediency in general average and the roles of underwriters and liability.
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