Synopsis
A System Of Logic: Comprising A Discussion Of The Various Means Of Acquiring And Retaining Knowledge, And Avoiding Error. A nineteenth-century treatise on logic that treats logic as the science of the sources, acquisition, and retention of knowledge, with methods for avoiding error. Published originally in 1862, the work argues for uniting knowledge acquisition, retention, and error-avoidance within one comprehensive science and for careful study to prevent misinterpretation. It outlines a unified taxonomy of knowledge, distinguishing intuitions (self-evident appearances), direct comprehensions, and inferences (necessary consequences from other truths), and it differentiates direct consciousness from mediated knowledge. The text describes mental faculties such as apprehension, memory, attention, abstraction, conception, imagination, generalization, and abstraction in forming and organizing beliefs. Propositions and syllogistic reasoning are treated, with probability discussed as a measure when certainty is unavailable. Primary means of acquiring and retaining knowledge—sensory apprehension, testimony, signs and language, external signs like writing and diagrams—are analyzed. Logic is presented as a practical discipline to guide inquiry across science, morality, and public life, with attention to language, evidence, classification, and fallacies. The audience is students and scholars seeking rigorous foundations for inquiry.
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