Three-dimensional analysis of the mechanical behavior of implants

The aim of this study is to develop a new three-dimensional model of a dental prosthesis. The prosthesis is subjected to one of three masticatory loads (corono-apical, disto-mesial and lingual-buccal), applied to the occlusal surface of the crown. The distribution and intensity of the equivalent von Mises stress in the bone and in the components of the dental prosthesis are determined numerically using the finite element method with the Abaqus software. This numerical analysis enabled us to demonstrate the effect of the implant's geometric parameters-such as its length and diameter, as well as the number of threads and the nature of the threading-on the variation in equivalent stress in the immediate vicinity of the bone-implant interface. These interfacial stresses are evaluated on the outer surface and at the base of the thread. It is important to understand the effects of these factors to ensure, on the one hand, the stability and immobility of the dental implant within the alveolar bone and, on the other hand, the mechanical integrity of the cortical bone.