UNKNOWN

This Special Issue brings together a diverse collection of research and perspectives, offering insights into how natural processes and human activities interact within watersheds to shape water environments. Moreover, it explores various methodologies and measurements with the dual goals of providing implications for future water management as well as exploring potential alternatives. The papers included in this Special Issue draw from numbers of perspectives, including heavy metal source identification, water salinization and alkalization, water environment deterioration, pollutant assessment methods, the influences of fluvial geomorphological processes, and hydraulic characteristics of water environments. They also emphasize the importance of integrative approaches that consider both the ecological and social dimensions of watershed management. The contributions of this Special Issue highlight different facets of the environmental effects of natural processes and human activities on the water environment of different aquatic ecosystems, including rivers, streams, reservoirs, lakes, and groundwaters connected to surface water on a watershed scale.