UNKNOWN

A simple implosion type device (fission) is described. Its main parts, their detailed design, geometry (including placement and configuration), engineering and derivation from simple plane wave lens in earlier study is described. Types of lens, their configuration, truncated icosahedron, hexagonal, pentagonal, pyramidal cones, their arrangement, curve in polar co-ordinates and role is explained. Three devices each with unique radius and mass required for explosion is described. Pressure calculations are presented emphasizing explosive strength and bounds for criticality of fissile mass. Its detonation mechanism (arming) is also briefly discussed. Various types of initiators and their operations are described. It is observed that simple mathematical principles play an important part.

Dr. Muhammad Musaddique Ali Rafique is Full Professor, Vice Chancellor, Head of Department (Department of Fusion Engineering and Department of Space Engineering) and Founding Director (Master of Science in Engineering (M.Sc.), Fusion Engineering and Master of Science in Engineering (M.Sc.), Astronautics and Manned propulsion) at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and President, Chief Executive Officer and Senior Principal Engineer at Eastern Engineering Solutions Inc.. He is also Senior Principal Engineer at Departments of Space Engineering and Fusion Engineering, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Government of the United States of America.

He is author of more than 162 peer reviewed and non peer reviewed journal articles, preprints, abstracts, conference papers, abstracted and non abstracted reports, book chapters, monographs, edited volumes and books. He has wealth of industrial experience in fields of rocket propulsion, energetics, fusion reactor design, device design, alloy development, inspection and testing, manufacturing and astronautics.

He has myriad of research interest in metallurgy, extractive metallurgy (pyro, electro and hydrometallurgy), chemical metallurgy, rare earths, refining, cell design, operation, hydrogen metallurgy, plasma metallurgy, electric arc furnace (EAF) and its varients, AOD, VOD, fusion science and engineering, plasma facing materials, irradiation damage, ion irradiation, embrittlement, physical metallurgy, mechanical metallurgy, elsticity, plasticity, damage mechanisms, strengthening mechanisms, phase formation and transformations, Additive manufacturing, 3D printing, welding and joining, heat treatment, post weld heat treatment (PWHT), mechanical testing, fatigue, its types (e.g. fretting fatigue, corrosion fatigue, thermal fatigue, thermocyclic fatigue, bending fatigue), creep, its types, corrosion, its types (e.g. galvanic corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), intergranular corrosion, high temperature corrosion, fretting corrosion, fatigue corrosion, selective leaching, microbial corrosion), materials characterization (SEM, EDS, WDS, EBSD, FIB, AFM, APT, TEM, SRIM, CT, NDT), catalysts, plasma chracterisation, diagnostics, fusion device and reactor design and engineering, metallic glasses and their composites, high entropy alloys (HEAs), modeling and simulation (Part scale using ABAQUS CAE, Ansys (WB and APDL), MATLAB and FORTRAN, determ...