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Today, we are witnessing significant changes in our cities. As these transformations take place, research advancements must provide solutions to the various challenges that arise. Administrations, universities, and companies need to collaborate in establishing the foundations of smart cities.

Examples of effective solutions include integrating renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency in both construction and processes, promoting sustainable mobility, incorporating the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart systems, and developing advanced and efficient infrastructure. Additionally, addressing issues related to water and energy sustainability, food security, climate change, and sustainable development goals is crucial.

The main pillars of a smart city are as follows:

• Energy efficiency and sustainability
• Infrastructure, energy, and the environment
• Mobility and IoT
• Governance and citizenship