UNKNOWN

With the rapid development of modern biotechnology and in-depth research in the field of digestive tract microecology, the complex interaction between intestinal microorganisms and their hosts is gradually being deciphered. Intestinal microorganisms, which include a diverse array of bacteria, fungi, and other microbes, play pivotal roles in regulating animal growth by affecting various biological processes. Two key research directions have emerged in this field. The first focuses on nutrients and their role in maintaining intestinal innate immunity. Nutrients are not only essential for host health, but also influence the balance of gut microorganisms, promoting an optimal immune response to protect the gut from pathogens while supporting its natural microflora. The second direction explores the interaction between intestinal microorganisms and host cells, particularly considering how microorganisms communicate with and influence host cell function at the molecular level, affecting nutrient absorption, energy metabolism, and overall growth performance in animals. By understanding these molecular mechanisms, researchers aim to develop new strategies to improve animal health and growth through tailored nutritional and microbial interventions. This field of research holds great promise for advancements in both animal husbandry and biotechnology.