VIBRATION DEVICES IN ORTHODONTICS: Biological foundations, clinical evidence and contemporary applications for the acceleration of orthodontic treatment

Orthodontic treatments often last for months or years, which generates discomfort in patients and associated risks such as root resorption or periodontal disease. In response to this problem, various techniques have emerged to accelerate tooth movement, including the use of vibration devices. This chapter reviews the biological underpinnings of orthodontic movement, the mechanisms of action of mechanical vibration, available devices and the clinical evidence. Although vibratory devices offer a noninvasive alternative with some therapeutic potential, the current clinical evidence is ambivalent and does not allow us to recommend their widespread use. The need for multicenter research, standardization of protocols and personalized cost-benefit evaluations is emphasized.