Nigel Bradley is a senior lecturer in marketing at the University of Westminster in London. With an MSc in Product Management and Marketing from Cranfield, Nigel began his career with the Burke Research Services Group. Following this, he joined a packaging machinery company in Italy as an OEM product manager.Upon his return to the UK, Nigel became an associate director with BJM Research. He was invited back to the Burke Research Services Group to head the International Division. He moved to the media department of Research Services Ltd, where he assumed day-to-day responsibility for the National Readership Survey (NRS) and the British Businessman Readership Survey (BMRC). The company then became IPSOS (now IPSOS MORI). Nigel’s academic research interests include green marketing, Internet marketing, media research, graphology and ‘de-marketing’, and he is particularly concerned with the use of Internet devices in marketing, such as robot translation software, questionnaire forms, analysis, auto-responders, and email marketing tools. His recent research has involved the use of silence in interviewing and the declining response rate issue.