S. B. Turner is a formally trained biologist (B.S. Degree from the University of Illinois, Chicago) who in his spare time has extensively studied and researched penology for many years. He concludes that the reason the United States has the largest number of prisoners in the entire world is because (1) this country criminalizes too many non-criminal behaviors; (2) has a parole system that is largely criminogenic and squanders large amounts of tax dollars; (3) has a parole system that contributes to and exacerbates prison overcrowding; and (4) and is plagued with a multitude of societal problems that causes a large amount of crime. Unless the United States makes substantive improvements, it will continue in the foreseeable future, to have the dubious distinction of leading the world with the greatest number of prisoners of any nation on a per capita basis. Mr. Turner currently resides in California.