Robert E. Larzelere

I got into research on parental discipline because I thought children need the best science possible. As in any area, our conclusions are only as good as the adequacy of the science behind them. When I collaborated with Diana Baumrind, I was astounded at the long-term benefits of her authoritative parenting compared to the extremes of overly punitive authoritarian parenting and overly lax permissive parenting. Authoritative parenting combines nurturance, give-and-take communication, and age-appropriate independence with daily routines, home responsibilities, and firm disciplinary control when warranted. Whereas some experts tell parents to use only some of these skills, Diana always said that the entire package was necessary -- especially for the most defiant children. Children who are the most difficult to love are the ones who need that love the most. Children who defy disciplinary limits the most are the ones who most need the combination of disciplinary persuasion and negative consequences that is typical of authoritative parenting. Our book on Authoritative Parenting features chapters by Diana Baumrind and others who are helping us understand and apply the best type of authoritative parenting to help children achieve their full potential for themselves and for others.