Grand Challenges: Science, Engineering, and Societal Advances Requiring Networking and Information Technology Research and Development; Interagency Working Group on Information Technology Research and Development

56 pages. Figures. Appendices (Illustrative IT Hard Problems, The HPCC Program's Grand Challenges, NITRD Grand Challenges Authors, NITRD Grand Challenges Task force Contact Information, Acronyms and Glossary.] This booklet is designed to share with the broader scientific community and the general public insights into the formulation of the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development's (NITRD) grand challenges. The annual NITRD Supplement to the President's Budget is organized by Program Component Areas (PCAs), where the PCAs are major subject areas for federal IT R&D. PCAs are intended to facilitate budgetary comparisons from year to year in each area. The PCA set evolves over time, reflecting changes in IT R&D activities at federal agencies and IT R&D priorities of the Administration. The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) program consists of a group of U.S. federal agencies to research and develop information technology (IT) capabilities to empower Federal missions; support U.S. science, engineering, and technology leadership; and bolster U.S. economic competitiveness. The NITRD Program is managed by the NITRD Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council's (NSTC) Committee on Technology and supported by the NITRD National Coordination Office (NCO). NITRD Program's member agencies coordinate their NITRD research activities and plans by Interagency Working Groups (IWGs). For each IWG, agency representatives meet to exchange information and collaborate on research plans and activities. In its first annual report to Congress, the Supplement to the President's Fiscal Year 1992 Budget, HPCC reported a FY 1991 base budget of $489 million, with eight federal agencies participating. …