Synopsis
By all accounts, the 1948 Palestine war was one of the most significant milestones in the modern history of the Middle East and remains one of the most intractable conflicts of modern times. Israelis call the 1948 war "The War of Independence" while Arabs call it al-Nakba or the disaster. The conventional Israeli version portrays 1948 as an unequal struggle between a Jewish David and an Arab Goliath, as a desperate, heroic, and ultimately successful battle for survival against overwhelming odds. In this version all the surrounding Arab states sent their armies into Palestine to strangle the Jewish state at birth and the Palestinians left the country on orders from their own leaders and in the expectation of a triumphal return. Since the late 1980s, however, a group of "new historians" or revisionist Israeli historians have challenged many of the claims surrounding the birth of the State of Israel and the first Arab-Israeli war. The present volume was conceived as a contribution to the ongoing debate about 1948. The War for Palestine brings together leading Israeli new historians with prominent Arab and Western scholars of the Middle East who revisit 1948 from the perspective of each of the countries involved in the war. The result is a volume that is rich in new material and new insights and which enhances considerably our understanding of the historical roots of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Eugene L. Rogan is a Lecturer in Modern History of the Middle East, Fellow of St. Anthony's College, and Director of the Middle East Centre at the University of Oxford. He is the author of Frontiers of State in the Late Ottoman Empire (Cambridge, 2000) and co-editor of Village, Steppe, and State: the Social Origins of Modern Jordan (St. Martin's, 1995). Avi Shlaim is a Professor of International Relations and Fellow of St. Anthony's College, University of Oxford, and he is also the Director of Graduate Studies in International Relations. He is the author of several books, the most recent one being The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World (Norton, 1999). Professor Shlaim is a frequent contributor to newspapers and a media commentator on Middle Eastern affairs.
Reviews
Historians who claim to be reinventing the wheel can be very irritating, but occasionally they can be useful. Rogan and Shlaim, prime proponents of the "revisionist" school among historians of the Arab-Israeli conflict, have assembled a series of essays that seek to dispel many of the "myths" surrounding the events of 1948, which created both the Israeli state and the Palestinian diaspora. Benny Morris asserts that the Palestinian exodus partially resulted from deliberate, long-planned Zionist hopes for "transfer" of population rather than the mere vagaries of war. Laila Parsons places Israeli-Druze cooperation within the context of anti-Muslim bias. Although some of the data presented here is new, the conclusions are not; the general tone of this anthology is anti-Zionist, and the use of "facts" is highly selective. Still, some of the essays provide interesting perspectives, and it is useful to be reminded that historical struggles are seldom as simple or noble as they may appear from a distance. Jay Freeman
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More than half a century has passed since the end of the 1948 Palestine War. The war, which the Israelis call the "War of Independence" and the Palestinians refer to as "the disaster," has been the subject of passionate public debate and numerous scholarly writings in recent years. The official Israeli version of the birth of the Palestinian refugee problem has been challenged by, among other people, a group of Israeli scholars who are variably called the "new historians" or the "revisionists." In this edited volume, Rogan and Shlaim, two prominent scholars of the modern Middle East at the University of Oxford, have brought together leading Israeli revisionist historians with noted Arab and Western scholars to explain the historical and contemporary significance of the 1948 War from various perspectives. In addition to the editors themselves, contributors to this erudite and immensely informative volume include Rashid Khalidi, Benny Morris, Charles Tripp, Joshua Landis, Laila Parsons, Edward Said, and Fawaz Gerges. Their general consensus is that the Palestinian refugee problem resulted not from voluntary flight but from the specific policies of Zionist authorities during the creation of the state of Israel. Highly recommended for public and demic libraries. Nader Entessar, Spring Hill Coll., Mobile, AL
Copyright 2001 Reed Business Information, Inc.
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