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First Italian and first separate edition. In contemporary vellum. [3] IV-XIX [1] [1]-167 [1] p. First Italian, and scarce first separate edition of this significant text related to the suppression of the Jesuits in South America. Bernardo Ibáńez de Echavarri is most renowned for this present contentious work, "El Reyno jesuítico del Paraguay", initially published in Volume 4 of "Coleccion general de documentos" (Madrid, 1768-1770). He is often regarded as one of the most damaging critics of the Jesuit order. In his writings, he compiles various accusations employed by the Crown to justify the suppression and expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767, alleging their arrogance, corruption, opposition to the Crown, independent actions from colonial authorities, interference with the Treaty of Madrid, and incitement of indigenous rebellion. In "El Reyno jesuítico," he argues that the Jesuits, by entirely usurping the Crown's sovereignty, warranted expulsion from the missions. Bernardo Ibáńez de Echavarri was expelled twice from the Jesuit order, the second time in 1761 after spending several years in the missions and Buenos Aires, where he gathered firsthand information about the aftermath of the Treaty and the Guarani War. Ibáńez's sudden death in Madrid in 1762 led to the passing of his papers and manuscripts to Ricardo Wall, then the Prime Minister (Secretario de Estado) of Spain, for posthumous publication. This edition is rare in the market, with only the present copy recorded by RBH in the last four decades. Ref.: Sabin 58530; Borba de Moraes, 1983 . v. 1, p. 284 (for the 1780 French edition). Binding stained. Recurring water stain to the along the lower and lower outer edges, not affecting the text. The inclusion of a frontispiece leaf is not consistent in all copies, ours, like the JCB-copy, was published without. Overall in fine condition. First Italian and first separate edition. Seller Inventory # 3175
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