Nobel laureate Niko Tinbergen laid the foundations for the scientific study of animal behavior with his work on causation, development, function and evolution. In this book, an international cast of leading animal biologists reflect on the enduring significance of Tinbergen’s groundbreaking proposals for modern behavioral biology. It includes a reprint of Tinbergen’s original article on the famous "four whys" and a contemporary introduction, after which each of the four questions are discussed in the light of contemporary evidence. Also discussed is the wider significance of recent trends in evolutionary psychology and neuroecology to integrate the "four whys". With a foreword by one of Tinbergen’s most prominent pupils, Aubrey Manning, this wide-ranging book demonstrates that Tinbergen’s views on animal behavior are crucial for modern behavioral biology. It will appeal to graduate students and researchers in animal behavior, behavioral ecology and evolutionary biology.

About the Authors

Simon Verhulst is assistant professor of Behavioural Biology at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands. His research interests have included ecological immunology, avian life history evolution and avian energetics, all with the aim to study the interplay between function and mechanism of behavior. In 2004 he was elected as member of 'The Young Academy', the junior section of the Dutch Royal Society. He has been an Associate Editor for the Journal of Animal Ecology since 2007.

Johan J. Bolhuis is professor of Behavioural Biology at the University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. His main research interests are in the behavioral, cognitive and neural mechanisms of learning, memory and development, in particular song learning in birds. He has been an editor of the leading journal Animal Behaviour and President of the Royal Dutch Zoological Society.

"About this title" may belong to another edition of this title.

Store Description

Calluna Books specialise in buying and selling out of print bird books and other natural history books online, through our own mail order catalogues and by attending selected events and fairs. We have been trading since 1997 and are based in Northumberland where callers are welcome by appointment. We have in excess of 3000 titles of books, journals and reports in stock covering a wide range of natural history subject areas including birds, mammals, reptiles, floras, invertebrates, ecology, wildlife art and books on the general natural history of the UK and worldwide.

Visit Seller's Storefront

Seller's business information

Calluna Books
United Kingdom

Sale & Shipping Terms

Terms of Sale

Payment with order please... we accept:

Visa & MasterCard credit cards/Paypal through the ABE payment system - we can no longer take direct card payments.
Paypal (by direct order). If this method is chosen, a Paypal 'money request' will be sent on confirmation of your order - prompt payment is appreciated. A reminder will be sent but if payment isn't received within 7-days (unless advised of a delay), the order will be cancelled.
Cheques (in UK� only).

Returns within 30 days, prior notification re...

More Information

Shipping Terms

GENERAL NOTE: Any shipping costs shown in the listings (for the UK or overseas) should be taken as a guide only (they are based on a 1kg parcel - the actual cost will depend on the size/weight of the parcel and the service used. All purchases will be shipped by the most cost effective method - all parcels will be packed securely.

EXTRA CHARGES NOTED IN LISTINGS
Items that require additional postage within the UK or overseas will be noted in the listing with either "Weight exceeds standard 1.0 kg rate - extra postage may be required for some overseas destinations." or "HEAVY (x.xx kg) - extra postage will be required." Extra charges will be requested when your order is processed, and will need to be accepted for the order to proceed (feel free to contact us before ordering to find out what the charges will be).

DELIVERY WITHIN THE UK
Parcels within the UK are sent by 48-hour tracked (standard) or 24-hour tracked (priority) - these Royal Mail services cover parcels weighing up to 20kg. Those weighing over 20kg will be sent by a courier service using booking agent - the courier/service used will vary depending on the size/weight of the parcel. Small low-weight items, such as booklets, will be sent by 1st class (priority) or 2nd class (standard) services.

DELIVERY OVERSEAS
We are happy to send books overseas, but please be aware that the cost of doing so can be expensive. In the first instance, you can contact us so that we can advise you of the services available and their cost. PLEASE NOTE: any customs duties or additional courier charges incurred within the receiving country are the responsibility of the BUYER.

DELIVERY TIMES
We aim, where possibe, to process all parcels within 1-3 working days but once parcels are in the hands of UK Royal Mail/Courier services we have no control over how long they will take to reach you! Although delivery times are given, they should be taken as a guide only as there could be factors affecting them which may result in delays.

Shipping rates from United Kingdom to U.S.A.

Shipping rates from United Kingdom to U.S.A.
Order quantity	15 to 60 business days	7 to 10 business days
First item	US$ 24.73	US$ 35.18

Delivery times are set by sellers and vary by carrier and location. Orders passing through Customs may face delays and buyers are responsible for any associated duties or fees. Sellers may contact you regarding additional charges to cover any increased costs to ship your items.