This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1920 edition. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER XI NURSING IN OTHER COUNTRIES WE have glanced briefly at various types of nursing systems from an early day,--the semi-priestly orders of the old religions; the loving personal service, at first largely selfdirected, of the early Christian deaconess, widow, __ and virgin; the organized groups of Types of nursing monastic women, aiming at self-govern systems ment and self-discipline, cherishing all reviewed available education, and, though intensely religious in spirit and motive, striving to be free from outside control which fettered their work; the nursing Sisterhoods, which fell entirely under ecclesiastical control and became stationary, losing all intellectual share in the world's progress; those who became successful insurgents, shaping new secular orders; the military orders whose disciplinary features and ideas of a personnel have been inherited to a certain degree by European Red Cross associations and even by civil hospitals; the menial paid nurse of low status and no education, whose appearance betokened the first entrance of women into the modern labour movement; finally the secular, highly educated and professionally trained nurse on the Nightingale pattern, fit and ready to co-operate with scientific men in modern life-saving movements, gaining with not a little difficulty a complete economic independence, at first intensely individualistic, scornful of all training save her own, then at last learning to unite with all her sisters in one world-wide profession. At least before the war it was possible to find examples of every one of these systems surviving on the European continent. What modifications the war will bring about cannot yet be certainly predicted. The final test of nursing systems must be the welfare of...
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