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[Civil Rights] National Association for the Advancement of Colored People printed and photographic archive documenting organizational activism, legal strategy, and leadership within the American Civil Rights Movement from the 1940s through the late 1970s. The materials trace the NAACP's work in litigation, membership organizing, public advocacy, and legislative lobbying during the decades in which the organization helped dismantle legalized segregation and expand civil rights protections across the United States. Archive of eleven publications and photographs documenting the activities and public advocacy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People between 1944 and 1968, a period of sustained legal and political campaigns against racial segregation and discrimination in the United States. The materials originate from the height of the Civil Rights movement, in which the NAACP pursued courtroom challenges to segregation, organized national membership campaigns, and publicized civil rights activism through pamphlets, educational booklets, and photography. Archive of ten items produced between 1944 and 1968 consisting of five booklets, three press photographs, and two pamphlets issued by or documenting the NAACP. This archive chronicles the escalation of organized civil rights activism leading to major legislative changes such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, reforms for which the NAACP played a central advocacy role through legal challenges, public education initiatives, and national organizing. Archive includes: [1] "N.A.A.C.P. 'Spearhead of Democracy' In the Business of Fighting for Freedom." New York: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, c.a. 1944. Eight page pamphlet including information on the NAACP's mission with statements on "The Right to Live and the Right to Die", "The Right to Work and the Right to Play", "The Right to Teach and the Right to Learn", and "The Right to Serve and the Right to Govern". [2] Ottley, Roi. "New World A-Coming". New York: Committee of 100, c.a. 1944. Five page excerpt from Roi Ottley's non fiction account of the Black experience in the early 20th Century. Printed and distributed by the Committee of 100, an organization which supported and promoted the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. Includes a Committee of 100 member list and fundraising information for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. [3] Roy Wilkins silver gelatin press photograph, 1957. Press photo of civil rights leader Roy Wilkins, then Executive Secretary of the NAACP, testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee. Press caption with photo reads "Roy Wilkins.tells members of the Senate Judiciary Committee on Constitutional Rights that if Congress fails to pass civil rights legislation, negroes may be tempted to answer violence with defensive action". [4] Johns Committee silver gelatin press photograph, 1957. Courtroom photo of the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee (the Johns Committee) conducting their investigation of the NAACP. The Florida Legislative Investigation Committee was an anti-Communist, anti-LGBT investigative committee led by Charley Johns which persecuted civil rights activists and organizations, including the NAACP. Press caption reads "Legislative Committee opened a three day investigation of the Florida NAACP 2/25, in Dade County court. Witnesses (Negroes) G.W. Hawkins, left, and G.E. Graves Jr., right. In jury box Legislative Comm. L-to-R. Rep. Henry Land, Orlando, Sen. Charles Johns, Stark, Rep. J.B. Hopkins, hidden, and Rep. Cliff Herell. Left foreground Mark Hawes, Comm. investigator." The investigation came to a close when the Supreme Court denied the committee access to the NAACP's membership lists. [5] Set of two calling cards advertising dance events held by the "Echo Ladies" in San Francisco to benefit the NAACP in 1956 and 1957. [6] Marvin Davies silver gelatin press photograph, 1966. Press photo.
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