Innate Immunity : From Louis Pasteur to Jules Hoffmann

Innate immunity is a new branch of immunology, confirmed by three Nobel Prize winners in 2011. It is the first line of defense against pathogens and is in a way the preliminary step of adaptive immunity which occurs later, and only present in vertebrates.

This book examines the way in which innate immunity was discovered in invertebrates. As a starting point, it looks at the work of Louis Pasteur on silkworm disease and the findings of Ilya Metchnikov, discoverer of phagocytosis. It also investigates André Paillot, who in 1920 demonstrated the existence of humoral immunity in insects, unrelated to the type of immunity that was initially thought to be present in all vertebrates.

Finally, Innate Immunity shows how the group directed by Jules Hoffmann found strong similarities between the innate immunity response of insects and mammals. The discovery of a receptor protein in Drosophila, which is also found in humans, was what led to Jules Hoffmann being awarded the Nobel Prize in 2011.

• Presents the transformations experienced by the domains of innate immunity
• Shows the lineage of these results
• Bridges the gap between innate immunity of invertebrates and that of vertebrates

Yves Carton, immunology graduate of the Pasteur Institute, worked as a geneticist at the EGCE-CNRS laboratory (Gif-sur-Yvette and University Paris-Saclay, France) and is currently Emeritus Research Director at CNRS; Since few years, he has dedicated himself to the history of science, in particular the fields of entomology, biological control, Darwinism and immunology.