Bentz Barbara (23 results)

Paperback. Condition: Brand New. Bentz, Barbara A. (illustrator). 30 pages. 8.50x8.50x0.08 inches. In Stock.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. Many coniferous species have life history traits and characteristics that greatly enhance their resistance to injury from fire, thereby increasing post-fire survival rates. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco), for example, is known for its fire tolerance, in large part, due to thick insulating bark that develops with age and protects the inner cambium from heat injury. Mortality following fire, however, depends not only on tree species, but also on type and degree of fire-caused injuries, initial tree vigor, and post-fire environment. These same factors may also influence timing of tree death, which can be delayed as long as 4 years post-fire. Within a few months to a few years following fire, bark and wood boring beetles may preferentially attack, and wood deterioration caused by staining, decay pathogens, and/or checking can occur. Parker and others provide an extensive review of interactions between insects and fire (prescribed and wildfire) in coniferous forests of interior western North America. Development of management plans immediately following fire, therefore, can be difficult due to the timing and uncertainty of many interacting factors. Reliable estimates of post-fire Douglas-fir mortality, predicted from field-based characterizations of fire injury, would greatly facilitate informed post-fire management, including salvage, following both mixed-severity wildfires and applications of prescribed fire. Prediction of fire- and beetle-caused delayed tree mortality is also an important component in the development of prescribed burn plan objectives. Managers must know what fire intensity levels are needed to accomplish mortality related objectives. Also, in adaptive management, a key part to determining if burn objectives were met is installation of monitoring plots. By revisiting prescribed burns and monitoring fire effects, future burn prescriptions can be adjusted to better achieve desired results. To do this, field crews must be able to accurately assess post-fire tree injury and the potential for delayed mortality. Fire behavior and effects models, such as the First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) and BehavePlus, are available for use in predicting post-fire tree mortality. The tree mortality model in these software packages is based on models developed by Ryan and Reinhardt (1988) and Ryan and Amman (1994). However, this tree mortality model was developed from data for several different tree species. More importantly, this model does not fully account for bark beetle effects on post-fire tree mortality. Douglas-fir bark beetles (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytine) are highly attracted to fire-injured Douglas-fir and can cause significant tree mortality, apart from fire injuries alone. If Douglas-fir beetle populations are a concern following fire, it is important to characterize the fire-related tree injuries most conducive to beetle attack and successful brood production and survival. Hood and Bentz (2007) developed a model to predict the probability of Douglas-fir mortality and one to predict the probability of Douglas-fir beetle attacks within 4 years post-fire based on data collected from three mixed-severity wildfires in western Montana and Wyoming. The intent of this guide is to facilitate use of these models in post-fire management and prescribed burn planning. We note that ecological and economic constraints make forest management following wildfire a complex task. Our models are meant to be used as part of a multidisciplinary strategy aimed at maximizing benefits to post-fire ecological communities and forest management. Following a brief description of the two models, variables significant in predicting post-fire Douglas-fir mortality and Douglas-fir beetle attack are described. Shipping may be from our Sydney, NSW warehouse or from our UK or US warehouse, depending on stock availability.

Condition: New. Print on Demand.

Hardcover. Condition: Near Fine. Blue boards with gilt lettering. Interior is unmarked, clean and crisp. Illustrated with b/w photos. Bibliography. Index. vii, 126 pp. 11.25 x 8.75 inches. A history of German Catholic community of Jordan in Linn County, Oregon. Established in 1885 by the followers of the German minister Father Joseph Albrecht who had migrated from their temporary settlements in Victoria, Ohio and Rush Lake, Minnesota, and who then made their way to their final destination located on the eastern fringe of the Willamette Valley, about 15 miles southeast of Salem. Includes a detailed biography of Father Joseph Albrecht and the history of his community's journey across the West, a history of the pioneering families of Jordan, their parish churches and schools, an account of the Trappist Mission, short biographies of the various pastors and vocations who served the parish, and histories of the current (1985) parish families. A well researched and handsomely presented local history.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback. Condition: Brand New. 118 pages. 9.00x6.00x0.27 inches. This item is printed on demand.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. Some say the first step is the most difficult, but for this writer, every step of the hundred miles became an exploration of the land and people of the prairie, and a window into the past. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. Little Lavender Lepidoptera is a purple butterfly that does not know she can fly. Curious, she starts to explore the world. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. One hundred possible answers to an age old question. Poetry that describes feelings that occur during attachment to life itself. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. The story in poetry of travel and life and images that span generations of ocean travelers seeking a new life. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback / softback. Condition: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. A picture book that incorporates letter learning with Fruits and Vegetables and offers recipes for families to try. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. Douglas-fir have life history traits that greatly enhance resistance to injury from fire, thereby increasing post-fire survival rates. Tools for predicting the probability of tree mortality following fire are important components of both pre-fire planning and post-fire management. Hood and Bentz (2007) developed models for predicting the probability of Douglas-fir mortality and Douglas-fir bark beetle attack in the Northern Rocky Mountains based on fire injury and stand characteristics. This supplemental field guide to RMRS-GTR-199 provides reference photographs to help quantify injury level for use with the post-fire Douglas-fir mortality and bark beetle attack models. It also includes descriptions for measuring each characteristic in the field. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. From the series My Alphabet and Me, Animal Babies from A to Z, follows letter sound association closely for the beginning learner. A small informative phrase or poem accompanies each baby animal. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Condition: new. Paperback. Many coniferous species have life history traits and characteristics that greatly enhance their resistance to injury from fire, thereby increasing post-fire survival rates. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco), for example, is known for its fire tolerance, in large part, due to thick insulating bark that develops with age and protects the inner cambium from heat injury. Mortality following fire, however, depends not only on tree species, but also on type and degree of fire-caused injuries, initial tree vigor, and post-fire environment. These same factors may also influence timing of tree death, which can be delayed as long as 4 years post-fire. Within a few months to a few years following fire, bark and wood boring beetles may preferentially attack, and wood deterioration caused by staining, decay pathogens, and/or checking can occur. Parker and others provide an extensive review of interactions between insects and fire (prescribed and wildfire) in coniferous forests of interior western North America. Development of management plans immediately following fire, therefore, can be difficult due to the timing and uncertainty of many interacting factors. Reliable estimates of post-fire Douglas-fir mortality, predicted from field-based characterizations of fire injury, would greatly facilitate informed post-fire management, including salvage, following both mixed-severity wildfires and applications of prescribed fire. Prediction of fire- and beetle-caused delayed tree mortality is also an important component in the development of prescribed burn plan objectives. Managers must know what fire intensity levels are needed to accomplish mortality related objectives. Also, in adaptive management, a key part to determining if burn objectives were met is installation of monitoring plots. By revisiting prescribed burns and monitoring fire effects, future burn prescriptions can be adjusted to better achieve desired results. To do this, field crews must be able to accurately assess post-fire tree injury and the potential for delayed mortality. Fire behavior and effects models, such as the First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) and BehavePlus, are available for use in predicting post-fire tree mortality. The tree mortality model in these software packages is based on models developed by Ryan and Reinhardt (1988) and Ryan and Amman (1994). However, this tree mortality model was developed from data for several different tree species. More importantly, this model does not fully account for bark beetle effects on post-fire tree mortality. Douglas-fir bark beetles (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytine) are highly attracted to fire-injured Douglas-fir and can cause significant tree mortality, apart from fire injuries alone. If Douglas-fir beetle populations are a concern following fire, it is important to characterize the fire-related tree injuries most conducive to beetle attack and successful brood production and survival. Hood and Bentz (2007) developed a model to predict the probability of Douglas-fir mortality and one to predict the probability of Douglas-fir beetle attacks within 4 years post-fire based on data collected from three mixed-severity wildfires in western Montana and Wyoming. The intent of this guide is to facilitate use of these models in post-fire management and prescribed burn planning. We note that ecological and economic constraints make forest management following wildfire a complex task. Our models are meant to be used as part of a multidisciplinary strategy aimed at maximizing benefits to post-fire ecological communities and forest management. Following a brief description of the two models, variables significant in predicting post-fire Douglas-fir mortality and Douglas-fir beetle attack are described. This item is printed on demand. Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.