Orofino Caesar (1 results)

J. Bone Jt. Surg., 42 A/5. - Boston, July 1962, 8°, pp.853-858, 6 Figs., orig. wrappers. Offprint! From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ochsner Clinic. New Orleans. "The presence of a joint with a synovial lining between the opposing superior and inferior margins of adjoining cervical vertebrae has been the subject of discussion since Luschka first described and illustrated joints of this type in these locations. Since that time they were also described by Boreadis and Gershon-Cohen and by Jackson. Compere and associates estimated the dimensions o these joints to range from two by four to three by six millimeters. In contrast, Frykholm believed these so-called joints to be fissures produced by degeneration of the disc substance. He stated that disc tissue extends to the margins of the vertebral bodies. This view was shared and supported by the anatomical studies of Bovill and Drazek and of Payne and Spillane. Hadley was unable to demonstrate a true synovial joint in this region. He noted that the outward projecting lips at the lateral margins of the superior surface of each vertebral body are separated from the body of the vertebra above by a space that is less than one-third the normal height of the disc. He considered this to be of great importance and he postulated that the decrease in the height of the disc that accompanies degeneration of the disc forces the uncinate processes up and out to produce the characteristic roentgenographic picture and the formation of osteophytes. That the spaces are of degenerative origin is also suggested by Luschka's description of this formation in early adult life." Orofino, et al.