VICTOR DILLARD, SJ: SPIRITUAL RESISTER & APOSTLE TO THE STO SLAVE LABORERS IN GERMANY, MARTYRED AT DACHAU.

Victor Dillard is chiefly remembered today for his valiant role as spiritual apostle among the slave laborers in Germany, sent there by the notorious STO (Service du Travail Obligatoire) law drafted by the Vichy Government, which forced some 700,000 Frenchmen to work in German industrial centers in order to aid and abet the Third Reichs war effort. Encountering the absolute refusal of the Nazi authorities to allow chaplains to be sent to assist these mostly young men abandoned and subjected to wretched and demoralizing working conditions, the French Catholic Hierarchy circumvented this interdiction by sending priests and religious clandestinely into Germany as volunteer workmen. At that time a very well-known Jesuit priest, Victor Dillard offered to participate in this effort; so in October of 1943 at the age of 47 and the oldest of his group, he disguised himself with false papers, claiming to be an electrician and head of a family of five. Assigned to a factory at Wuppertal, some 40 kilometers north of Cologne and enduring a work schedule sometimes as long as 72 hours a week, he nevertheless was able to reach out to all the conscripts in the area and pursued a religious and social ministry on many levels. Denounced to the Gestapo for his anti-German activities, he was jailed, convicted as a foreign agent, and sentenced to hard labor at Dachau where, due to abysmal living conditions and sadistic treatment, he succumbed in six weeks after an operation to amputate one of his legs.


In his recent and timely biography, Philippe Verrier insists on the need to provide a holistic study of Victor Dillard beyond his heroic deportation and martyrdom. Writing with evident admiration for the Jesuit priest yet objectively and without hagiographical intent, he explores chronologically the many phases of Dillards remarkably rich life and various careers: from his early family life and education; his valiant military involvement in two world wars; formation as a Jesuit and teacher; entry onto the international stage as a respected and much published political economist; his sojourn at Vichy as a spiritual adviser where from the pulpit he soon became an outspoken critic of the Pétain regime and preached against the Nazi ideology; to his mission as worker priest and death and martyrdom at Dachau.


Verriers biography fills an important lacuna in the history of the spiritual resistance by providing a central and unifying figure to describe its activities and intent which diverge from the perhaps too rigidly drawn popular conception of the Resistance, usually depicted as primarily a patriotic and para-military operation. Armed only with his Christian faith and humanistic ideals, Dillard employed spiritual and moral means to engage in the battle against the pernicious ideology of Nazism; and he offered up his own life to shield a younger generation lying prostrate under the Nazi boot from the vicious attempts of their jailers to Nazify their hearts and minds.

Monsignor Philippe Verrier was Vicar General of the Diocese of Blois from 1999-2011. He is Professor Emeritus of the École Notre-Dame des Aydes at Blois, pastor of the Cathedral Church of Chambord, and Administrator of the Musée de la Résistance at Blois. Among his publications are: Soeur et Servante Marie-Virginie Vaslin, Fondatrice des Franciscaines Servantes de Marie, Paris, Saint François, 2002; English translation: Sister and Servant, Chennai, India, 2002; and Charles Verrier au service de la France , Éditions de la Résistance, Blois, France, 2015. He is an Officier de l Ordre des Palmes Académiques and Chevalier de l Ordre National du Mérite.


Theodore P. Fraser is Professor Emeritus of French and Studies in European Literature, College of the Holy Cross. His previous books include: The French Essay, The Moralist Tradition in France, The Modern Catholic Novel in Europe, and he is translator of Mission in Thuringia in the Time of Nazism, by Paul Beschet, SJ.