Conrad Gesner, First Edition (14 results)

Nº Edición: 1.

Condition: 0. Umschlag angestaubt u. etw. lichtrandig. Sprache: Englisch Gewicht in Gramm: 350 Gr.-8°. Mit 2 Tafeln u. einer Textabbildung. S. (53-)88, OKart.

Hardcover. Condition: Very Good. No Jacket. 1st Edition. 8vo, 19th century pigskin over marbled boards: 4 lvs (title page and epistle), leaves numbered to 293 (i.e. 586 pp), 7 lvs (table of remedies), 8 lvs (table of maladies); 53 woodcuts. Binding repaired and tear in title page, not affecting text, repaired. Ferguson II p 36: This is a translation of the second part of Gesner's De Secretis Remediis Liber, edited by Caspar Wolfius, and printed by Froschover, in 1569 . Various translations, including this 1616 edition appeared subsequently. It was translated into English by George Baker, under the title The Newe Jewell of Health, published in London, 1576 and reissued with the title The Practise of the new and old Phisicke, London, 1599. The beginning of the use of chemical remedies in France. - LIEBAUD (Iean) [LIÃBAULT (Jean)]. Secrets of medicine and chemical philosophy divided into IV books, in which are described several singular remedies for all diseases both internal and external of the human body. Together the manner of distilling, oils, and quintessences of all kinds of materials, preparing antimony and mercury powder, making extractions, artificial salts and potable gold. Curious and necessary work for all kinds of people. "Secrets of Medicine and Chemical Philosophy" is a work of distilled remedies by the physician Jean Lià bault (around 1535-1596) published in 1573. It is in the lineage of the "Book of Distillation" by Hieronymus Brunschwig of 1500, then of those of Philipp Ulstad (1525) and Conrad Gesner (1552) and marks the beginning of the influence of Paracelsian chemical medicine in France. Very rare. Not listed in USTC or OCLC but found in three French libraries. No sales recorded at auction in the last century (RBH). Provenance: This copy is from the chemistry book collection of Arthur C. Greenberg.

Hardcover. Condition: Very Good. 1st Edition. ILLUSTRATED CHEMISTRY FIRST EDITION. 8vo. 2 parts in 1, ff. [8], 237, [11]. Roman letter. Woodcut printer's device to title, 52 small woodcut chemical equipment, decorated initials and ornaments. Fep slightly adhering at gutter of title, light toning, intermittent tiny worming to outer or lower blank margin, very occasionally just touching a letter, developing to very fine trail on a few ll. A very good copy in contemporary vellum, lacking ties, yapp edges, painted green, paint worn at lower outer edge and parts of spine, probably later rear eps, a.e.r. c1700 inquisitorial ms 'Conradus Gesnerus auctor 1 Classis prohibitus' and shelfmark to fep, C18 shelfmark and C17 ms 'Martini Slovak Med[icinae] Doctoris', plus crossed-out ms ex-libris, to title. First printing of the posthumous second part of this most successful, charmingly illustrated 'book of secrets', edited by Caspar Wolf. Conrad Gesner (1516-65) studied natural and medical science at Basle, Montpellier, and Zurich. Renowned for his zoological masterpiece, 'Historia animalium', he was also an expert on botany and compiler of florilegia on surgery. First published in 1552, under the pseudonym Euonymus Philiatrus, Part I of 'De Remediis Secretis' quickly became one of the most popular medico-alchemical books of the time, contributing to the wide diffusion of Paracelsian theories. It reprised the structure of the successful medieval genre of 'books of secrets', which provided information and recipes for herbal medicine and the combination of substances useful for domestic management. Part II was similarly popular. It focused however solely on the 'chimia' of waters, oils and sauces - substances obtained artificially through distillation - giving precise instructions and detailed illustrations of the equipment required for professional results. For each Gesner lists all the infirmities that can be treated. Chap. 1 is devoted to various distillation techniques (e.g., by exposure to the sun, 'per balneum', using a furnace, by filtration), the chemical changes liquids undergo during the process, and special vessels required some being Gesner's own work. Chap. 2 provides recipes for distillations from wine ('quintessentiae'), herbs or animals and their parts (e.g., capon), as well as composite and metallic waters (e.g., 'aqua forte'), and precipitations produced from Mercury. Chap. III is entirely devoted to oils, including balms, extracted from flowers, seeds, fruit, spices, gum and resin, antimony, as well as from less obvious materials such as paper, cloth, linen and wood. Chap. IV explains the preparation of 'aqua vitae', juices, salts and (at length) 'drinkable gold' or 'gold oil', made from gold leaf and lemon juice, and used 'against the plague and many other infirmities'. A practical book for everyday consultation. A c1700 inquisitor noted on the verso of the front ep that Gesner was a 'first-class author', i.e., that his entire works were prohibited by the Church. NYAM, NLM, Minn and Wisc copies recorded in the US. Durling 2087; Heirs of Hyppocrates 308 (German ed.); Wellcome I, 2785; Ferguson, Secrets, II, 22; Ferguson I, 315; Duveen p.247; Brunet II, 1565; USTC 624814; VD16 G1807; Simon (earlier eds).

Hardcover. Condition: Fine. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITIONS. Folio. 2 books in 1. [xlii] 758 [xii]; [x] 316 [viii]. A [¶] 2[¶] *² B-2V 3A-3X 3Y [first blank, F4+1]. A-V 2A-2H . [first blank]. Roman and Italic letter, first word of titles xylographic, floriated woodcut initials and grotesque head and tail-pieces, typographical and metalcut ornaments, first t.p. with cut of hyena (used for sea wolf on p. 749), pencil note in Pirie's hand on fly; "This copy and the one in the BM are the only one known with the sea-wolf title-page, most have the Gorgon. A copy with a sea-wolf on the title was lot 481 in the Foyle sale", second t.p. with the Boa, there is an extra leaf after F4 with heading: "The Picture of the vulger Bugill Folio 57." in total 155 distinct woodcut illustrations of animals, 15 full-page, eighteenth century engraved bookplate on pastedown, another modern with monogram DP above, Robert S Pirie's below. Light age yellowing, very minor marginal light waterstain to outer margins in places. Fine copies, crisp and clean with woodcuts in very good impressions, in handsome contemporary polished calf, covers double blind, and single gilt ruled to a panel design, large fleuron with acorn to outer corners, fine strap-work arabesque gilt at centres, spine with raised bands, rebacked, some repair to corners. First editions in English of Gesner's work on quadrupeds, illustrating both real and legendary beasts, with an additional work on snakes, including chapters on bees, wasps and flies. Animals are categorized alphabetically, resulting in a few interesting sequences: the Gorgon is beside the Hare, and the Manticore with face of a man, hundreds of sharp teeth, and the body of a lion, is next to a typical Ibex, or Mountain Goat. Although it depicts several mythical beasts in striking (if fantastic) woodcut detail, they are given little space text wise, and the majority of the book depicts European and exotic mammals, and domesticated animals. The largest section describes twenty breeds of dog, as well as an extensive treatment of horses, with an attention to veterinary care and showmanship. Of Cats, Gesner is wary: "this is a dangerous beastso with a wary and discreet eye we must avoid their harms". And of the Rhinoceros, ornamented by an imitation of Dürer, he is simply in awe, asking the reader to consider that such a large work on many everyday creatures must also contain "the storie of this Rhinoceros, as the outward shape and picture of him appeareth rare and admirable to his eies, differing in every part from all other beasts, from the top of his nose to the tip of his taile" The work concludes with useful indices of Latin, Italian, Spanish, French, German and Greek names for each of the beasts featured. The second part is the first English translation of the last of Gesner's works on animals, on Snakes and Insects. Unlike his history of Quadrupeds, it begins with an essay on the "Divine, Morall and Naturall" elements of serpents acknowledging the problematic place of snakes in the history of creation, and moving onto a technical discussion of their anatomy. The work is also distinct from its predecessor in its more consistent (and useful) inclusion of medical authorities and recipes for antidotes. The classification system however is less precise, as if this later work of Gesner's was more of a catch-all for nature's miscellany. After Asps, there is discussion of Bees, Flies, Caterpillars, and reptiles such as crocodiles, toads, lizards, turtles, and even dragons and sea serpents. Perhaps more than the streamlined History of Foure-Footed Beastes, the untidiness and slight confusion of this work shows Gesner's innovations for what they were: straddling the divide between the received knowledge of natural history and the push for newer forms of classification through observation that would define zoology. An unusually good, clean copy of a much read work, more often found defective or incomplete. Edward Topsell (d. 1638?), matriculated from Christ's College.

Hardcover. Condition: Good condition. First Edition. Published 1565-1566; the first illustrated book on fossils. Detached title page is worn, soiled, creased and has small chips. Minor soiling and creasing to text of Part 1. Minor worming to Part 7. Worming to Part 8, which lacks the final 7 leaves (14 pages). Front board lacking, rear board detached, spine defective. Small 8vo (6.26 inches/159mm). Some early marginalia in a tiny neat hand scattered throughout the text and margins. Size: 12mo - over 6¾" - 7¾" tall. Book.

FIRST EDITION first work. 2 works in 1 vol. 8vo. ll. 78. First Roman, Greek, Hebrew and Gothic letter, second Roman and Greek letter. Second with woodcut printer's device to t-p and another to last. Very good, clean copies, the first well-margined, in faded olive morocco, gilt oval supralibros with the arms of Jacques-Auguste de Thou impaled with those of his wife Marie Barbançon, spine gilt à la Grecque in compartments with their joint monogram IAM, titles of both works lettered direct, raised bands with single fillets, two with hatching, in excellent condition. Ms. used as spine guards visible under pastedowns, small window scratched away at rear revealing possibly c.1400 French charter waste. Ink shelfmarks of the Soubise library to front pastedown, 'P/3.C.P.T.3.L.169,' and to front board, '3.3.L.169,' obscured by very small hole. c.1900 lithographed bookplate of Bibliotheca Elseghemensis, Amaury de Ghellinck d'Elseghem Vaernewyck (1851-1919) of Belgium, to front pastedown. C19 ms. bibliographical note to ffep on the Gesner ('très rare'). C20 bookseller's label, Brun of Lyon, to rear pastedown. Fascinating sammelband of two closely related works on ancient linguistics, one a first edition of Conrad Gesner's work on the development of languages, including the gypsy dialect Rotwelsch, dedicated to John Barclay, Bishop of Ossory, the other the first dictionary of vernacular Greek. From the library of the French historian and bibliophile Jacques-Auguste de Thou (1533-1617). The second work, by the Venetian printer da Sabbio, under the Greek name of Stephanos Chrysimos, constitutes the first attempt to produce a dictionary of modern, vernacular Greek. It contains an alphabet with phonetic pronunciation, a brief description of vowels, diphthongs (of which there are twelve, divided into 'proper,' i.e. those known to be used in ancient times, and 'improper,' i.e. those introduced through modern custom), and consonants. There then follow Greek versions of the Lord's prayer and Hail Mary transliterated phonetically into Roman script, and Latin versions transliterated back into phonetic Greek, the former providing a useful indication of contemporary pronunciation and corresponding orthography. The dictionary is arranged alphabetically by Italian words, which are then provided in transliterated 'vulgar' or vernacular Greek, Latin, and finally literary or ancient Greek, below which all four words are transliterated phonetically into Greek script. Gesner's work is a study of the development of ancient languages into various dialects from which modern languages are derived. He notes in the introduction that many languages are simply corruptions of ancient Hebrew, and divides languages into classical and 'barbarian,' divine and 'brutish.' The work itself takes the form of an alphabetical catalogue of entries, often very brief. These include, inter alia, Egyptian, Ethiopian, Armenian, Babylonian, Scottish, Welsh, English, Persian, Sabine, Rhaetic or 'Alpine,' Punic, Hebrew (using Hebrew script), Etruscan, Cappadocian, Chaldaean, Circasian, Moscovite, Turkish, and ancient and vernacular Greek. Aimed at a scholarly audience, this work nonetheless addresses a modern vernacular context: the longest entry by far is on the German language. At the rear Gesner reprints a glossary of words in high German and 'Rotwelsch,' a slang or thieves' cant used by beggars, vagabonds and drifters, designed to illustrate the development of dialects, but also the need for the regulation and control of languages to prevent their corruption. After 1587, de Thou ordered a new block to include the arms of his first wife, Marie de Barbançon-Cany (1587-1601), as well as a cipher joining their initials, IAM, which appears on the spine of this copy. I: USTC 676278. BM STC Ger., p. 358. Adams C550. II: USTC 844595. EDIT16 CNCE 52593. Not in Adams.

FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST UNIVERSAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. Publisher's woodcut device on title, full-page woodcut coat-of-arms of Leonhard Beck, the dedicatee. Collation: *8 (title, dedication, *8 blank), A6 B4 (index); a-z 2A-Z Aa-Zz aa-zz AA-MM6 NN8 (text,-NN8 blank). (Title slightly soiled, a few minor stains.). 1 vols. Folio. Describies about twelve thousand works by some three thousand authors. It is arranged by first names (with an excellent index of family and adopted names), giving biographies, incipits of texts, details of editions, critical notes on contents, on manuscripts, projected and unfinished works, etc., its only restriction being that everything not in Greek, Latin or Hebrew is excluded. It was a truly epochal achievement, on which all subsequent bibliographers have to some extent relied, directly or indirectly. Attractive copy of a landmark work. PMM 73; Breslauer and Folter 14. Besterman, Beginnings pp. 15-21; VD16 G1698. Provenance: General Theological Seminary, Dean Augustus Hoffman fund(bookplates and perforated stamps) Old vellum, spine titled in ink. Late eighteenth-century ownership note on title page. Some light staining to binding, light marginal worming in first and last leaves. Very Good Publisher's woodcut device on title, full-page woodcut coat-of-arms of Leonhard Beck, the dedicatee. Collation: *8 (title, dedication, *8 blank), A6 B4 (index); a-z 2A-Z Aa-Zz aa-zz AA-MM6 NN8 (text,-NN8 blank). (Title slightly soiled, a few minor stains.). 1 vols. Folio FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST UNIVERSAL BIBLIOGRAPHY.

16mo (12.5 x 8 cm). [44], [4 blank], 499, [8], [5 blank] pp. With dozens of woodcut illustrations in text. Contemporary limp sheepskin parchment. Third edition in the original Latin, of the first part of Conrad Gesner's very popular book of secrets. It primarily concerns distillation and its use in making medicines, with most of the woodcuts illustrating furnaces, glassware and other equipment for distilling. It discusses the various kinds of distillation, the equipment and techniques, aqueous solutions, the making of medicines from a wide variety of plants, animals and minerals (including metal salts), extracting oils, etc. - "The work begins with a short historical introduction which says that the Greeks and Romans could not yet distil and claims that the art was invented by the Barbarians, Carthaginians and Arabs shortly after the famous Hellenistic physicians. He gives a few short notes on Arabian scientists like Mesue, Avicenna and Bulcasis, describing their methods of making rose-oil" (Forbes). - Conrad Gesner (1516-65), a Zurich scholar of remarkable breadth who wrote on bibliography, botany, zoology, medicine and pharmacology, published the first volume of his De remediis secretis in 1552 under the pseudonym Euonymus Philiatrus. It quickly went through many editions and was translated into French, German, Italian and English by 1559. A second part appeared posthumously, edited by Gesner's student Caspar Wolf (1532-1601) and Froschauer, who printed its first edition. - Binding soiled and a few stains and smudges throughout; a good copy. - USTC 151668. Wellcome I, 2778. Not in Durling. Cf. Forbes, A short history of the art of distillation, pp. 120-126.

Two parts in one volume, small 4to, ff. [viii], 140; 28; with printer's device on titles and three full-page woodcut illustrations in the second part; both title-pages strengthened (with paper patches, where stamps possibly removed, on versos); early binding with vellum spine (lettered in ink) and sides made from old musical MS. First edition. The first part of this work consists of a large number of letters from Gesner (and, on a few occasions, to him) to various eminent botanists, physicians, scientists and scholars of his time throughout Europe. Amongst those with whom Gesner corresponded were Johann Crato von Krafftheim, Achilles Pirminus Gasser (editor of Peregrinus's De Magnete, with whom he discussed the magnet), Adolf Occo (to whom he wrote in both Greek and Latin), Felix Platter, Theodor Zwinger and Leonhard Fuchs. 'These 226 letters on a wide variety of medical topics, edited by Caspar Wolf, Gesner's literary executor, and published posthumously, indicate the wide interests and scientific insights of this great Renaissance scholar. The book contains two botanical tracts and three fine woodcuts of plants from Gesner's huge collection of drawings and woodcuts of plants which were to form the illustrative portion of his projected history of plants' (Heirs of Hippocrates). These illustrations, of which Gesner had drawn and collected some 1500, were prepared for a proposed monumental treatise, an Opera Botanica, which he never finished. He entrusted Caspar Wolf with the project, but Wolf was not able to fulfil his commission. He sold the material, including some blocks already cut, to Johann Camerarius the younger and these later came into the hands of C.J. Trew. Some of them were published by Schmiedel in the 18th century, but the printing here of the three blocks is remarkable in being near-contemporary. These cuts appear in the second part of the work, which has a separate title page. It is a monograph (taken from the proposed Opera Botanica) on aconites and hellebore indeed, it is the first monograph on these plants. Provenance. Nicholas Franchimont a Frankenfeld, with his ownership inscription and monogram on first title, and his underlinings and marginal MS annotations. Franchimont a Frankenfeld (1611-84) was professor of medicine at Prague. Amongst other medical topics, he wrote on lithotomy. Adams G526; Bird 1062; Durling 2067; Heirs of Hippocrates 186; Hunt 129; Parkinson & Lumb 1004; Waller 3521; Wellcome I 2805; Wellisch 3.1.

(21,5 x 15 cm). 8 nn., 140 num.; 28 num. Bll. Mit zwei Holzschnittdruckermarken auf den Titeln und 3 großen Textholzschnitten. Blindgeprägter Halbschweinslederband mit den Initialen M * S, datiert 1581. Erste Ausgabe dieser berühmten und umfangreichen, posthum von Caspar Wolf bearbeiteten Briefsammlung. Sie umfasst 226 Briefe an verschiedene Naturwissenschaftler, Ärzte und Humanisten, darunter Leonhard Fuchs, Theodore Zwinger, Crato von Krafftheim, Achilles P. Gasser, Felix Platter, J. Culmann, Adolf Occo etc. Der zweite Teil enthält zwei Abhandlungen über den Eisenhut und die Nieswurz, mit drei Holzschnitten nach Zeichnungen aus Gesners eigener Sammlung. "These 226 letters on a wide variety of medical topics. indicate the wide interests and scientific insights of this great Renaissance scholar" (Heirs). - Papierbedingt gering gebräunt. Die letzten beiden Blätter mit restaurierten Wurmgängen. Vorsätze erneuert. Einband gering bestoßen. Insgesamt dekoratives Exemplar in guter Erhaltung. - VD16 G1719; Wellisch B.3.1; Ley, Gesner B.4; Durling 2067; Wellcome I, 2805; Heirs of Hippocrates 310; Pritzel 3302.

Fol., Ledereinband. VD 16, G 124. - Adams, G533. - Ley 26. - Nissen. ZBI 1550. - Rudolphi 438. - Vischer, C 489. - Wellish A24.1. Tl. 2 (Amphibien u. Reptilien) u. Tl. 3 (Vögel) in 1 Bd. Schweinslederband der Zeit mit reicher Blindprägung u. Schließen. Jeweils in erster Ausgabe. Teil 2 mit dem seltenen Appendix zu Tl. 1 u. 2. - Liber II: Titel, 2. Bll., 1 w. Bl. fehlt (ausger.) 110 S., 1 w. Bl., mit 1 Holzschn.-Druckerm. u. 15 Textholzschn. sowie zahlr. aufwendig verzierten Initialen. Appendix: Titel, 25 v. 2 (recte 26) S., es fehlt S. 15/16 (Bl. ausger.), mit 1 Holzschn.-Druckerm. u. 28 Textholzschn. sowie aufwenig verzierten Inizialen. Liber III: Titel, 16 Bll., 1 w. Bl., 201 S., S. 102 (recte 202), S. 203-616, S. 617/618 (recte 717/718), S. 719-779, mit 1 Holzschn.-Druckerm., 1 Holzschn.-Porträt Gesners, 220 Holzschn. u. zahlr. aufwendig verzierten Initialen. - Tlw. gebräunt u. etwas fleckig, stellenw. leicht wasserrändig, Vorsätze stark gebräunt, vorder. flieg. Vorsatzbl. mit größer Fehlstelle, innengelenke, Vorsätze sowie das 1. Bl. u. die 4 letzten Bll. mit Wurmspuren, die 2 letzten Bll. u. rückw. fileg. Vorsatzbl. knicksp., mehrere Bll. mit Einrissen (größ Einr. bei den Bll.: Tl. 2, S. 1/2; Tl. 3, S. 59/60, 129/130, 271/272, 359/360, 505/506, 593/594, 701/702, 743/744, 777/778), Titel v. Tl 2 im Bereich der Druckerm. mit 3 kl. Fehlstellen, Titel des App. im Bereich der Druckerm. mit Tintenfl., vereinzelt lat. Randanm. sowie Unter- u. Durchstreichungen mit schwarzer Tinte (betroffen sind: Tl. 2: S. 50-53, 64/65, 73, 77; App.: S. 7; Tl. 3: S. 257/258, 284, 286, 699), Tl. 3, S. 141-144 stark fl., Buchrücken u. vord. Vorsatz mit Signaturrückst. titel u. Tl. 2 mit Bibliotheksstempel des Franziskanerklosters Hall in Tirol, Einband berieben u. beschabt, rückw. Buchdeckel tls. stärker verkratzt, Schließen restauriert. C. Gesner (1516-1565) gilt als einer der Gründer der Zoologie u. das Buch "The most authoritative zoological book beween Aristotle and the publication of Ray`s classification of fauna in 1693, it remained the standard reference book even as late as Linné." (PMM 77). la Gewicht in Gramm: 5800.

4 p.l., 162 leaves. Small 4to, cont. blindstamped panelled pigskin, remains of two deerskin ties. Zurich: C. Froschauer, 1542. First edition of a very rare book on the market; this is a lovely fresh copy in contemporary blind-stamped pigskin. This, Gesner's second botanical work, is "an alphabetically arranged catalog of plant names in four languages, the first of its kind, and an indication of the growing interest in botany beyond purely philological investigations into the writings of the classics. The Greek names are based on the works of Dioscorides. This early work is already characteristic of Gessner's life-long endeavour to arrange scientific topics in alphabetical or systematic order; it also show his proficiency in languages, and his interest in their comparative treatment."Wellisch 8.1. A fine copy. Signature at foot of title of "Lucas Schröck, M.D." Schröck (1646-1730), was a professor of medicine at Jena and president of the Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher (see Hirsch, V, pp. 139-40). Early inscription on front free endpaper stating this is a duplicate from the Royal Library of Munich. Engraved armorial bookplate, dated 1744, of Franziskus Topsl (1711-96), prior of the Polling Abbey in Upper Bavaria. Modern booklabel of D. Henry. Some minor worming to upper inner corner of first seven leaves, touching a few letters of the first two leaves. ? Pritzel 3298.

Woodcut printer's device on title. 6 p.l. (last a blank), 691, [40] pp. Thick folio, cont. vellum over boards (single wormhole in upper outer blank corner starting at p. 551-end), traces of ties. Zurich: C. Froschauer, 1574. Second edition of Gesner's Bibliotheca Universalis, issued for the first time with this title, and edited by the author's younger friend, Josias Simler (1530-76). Our edition has been greatly enlarged and revised; it now includes approximately 35,000 titles. "Gessner's Bibliotheca universalis is not only a bibliography in the true sense of the term, nor is it merely a more or less comprehensive description of books, listing title, place and date of publication, and publisher. What distinguishes this work over and against the later extracts (Epitomes) and makes it a unique document of the Renaissance resides in the indications relating to the work, life, and significance of the individual authors. The Bibliotheca is, e.g. in the case of Zwingli, Calvin, and Gessner himself, even today a biographical source of considerable value. Thus the Bibliotheca may be seen also as a work of universal biography, a lexicon of writers, such as had never previously existed"Hans Fischer, "Conrad Gesner (1516-1565) as Bibliographer and Encyclopedist" in The Library, 5th Series, Vol. XXI (1966), pp. 269-81. A nice copy with some interesting contemporary annotations. Lightly browned or foxed. This copy is quite unusual: the final leaf PP6 in this copy is blank. In what seems to be a later, corrected issue, the entry for Theodor Zwinger, overlooked in the initial printing, has been printed on the upper half of the recto of PP6. ? Besterman, The Beginnings of Systematic Bibliography, pp. 15-21. Grolier Club, Bibliography, 14(1st ed. of 1545). Printing & the Mind of Man 73(1st ed.). Wellisch A 16.5.a-d.